diff --git a/app/(main)/traffic/page.tsx b/app/(main)/traffic/page.tsx
index b4630ff4..d5c6cebb 100644
--- a/app/(main)/traffic/page.tsx
+++ b/app/(main)/traffic/page.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 import { useState, useMemo, useEffect, type ReactNode } from "react"
 import { Alert, AlertTitle, AlertDescription } from "@/components/reui/alert"
+import { projectTrafficObservations, type TrafficObservationMeta } from "@/lib/traffic-observations"
+import { TrafficObservationStatus } from "@/components/traffic/traffic-observation-status"
 import { TrafficDataTime } from "@/components/traffic/traffic-data-time"
 import { PageHeader } from "@/components/page-header"
 import { Frame, FramePanel } from "@/components/reui/frame"
@@ -84,6 +86,7 @@ function flowEmptyHint(stats: FlowStatsDto | null, collectorAlive?: boolean): st
 // ─── data model ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 interface BoundIfaceTraffic {
+  observations?: TrafficObservationMeta
   id: string
   bindingId: string
   userId: string
@@ -98,75 +101,79 @@ interface BoundIfaceTraffic {
   serverName: string
   serverSite: string
   serverCountry: string
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
-  rxPeak: number
-  txPeak: number
-  rxTotal: number
-  txTotal: number
-  rxSeries: number[]
-  txSeries: number[]
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
+  rxPeak: number | null
+  txPeak: number | null
+  rxTotal: number | null
+  txTotal: number | null
+  rxSeries: (number|null)[]
+  txSeries: (number|null)[]
   status: "online" | "offline"
 }
 
 interface ServerTraffic {
+  observations?: TrafficObservationMeta
   id: string
   name: string
   site: string
   country: string
   status: "online" | "offline" | "degraded"
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
-  rxPeak: number
-  txPeak: number
-  rxTotal: number
-  txTotal: number
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
+  rxPeak: number | null
+  txPeak: number | null
+  rxTotal: number | null
+  txTotal: number | null
   sessions: number
-  rxSeries: number[]
-  txSeries: number[]
+  rxSeries: (number|null)[]
+  txSeries: (number|null)[]
   boundIfaces: BoundIfaceTraffic[]
 }
 
 interface UserTraffic {
+  observations?: TrafficObservationMeta
   id: string
   login: string
   displayName: string
   role: string
   active?: boolean
   interfaces: BoundIfaceTraffic[]
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
-  rxPeak: number
-  txPeak: number
-  rxTotal: number
-  txTotal: number
-  rxSeries: number[]
-  txSeries: number[]
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
+  rxPeak: number | null
+  txPeak: number | null
+  rxTotal: number | null
+  txTotal: number | null
+  rxSeries: (number|null)[]
+  txSeries: (number|null)[]
 }
 
 interface LiveTrafficServer {
+  observations?: TrafficObservationMeta
   id: string
   name: string
   site: string
   country: string
   status: "online" | "offline" | "degraded"
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
-  rxPeak: number
-  txPeak: number
-  rxTotal: number
-  txTotal: number
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
+  rxPeak: number | null
+  txPeak: number | null
+  rxTotal: number | null
+  txTotal: number | null
   sessions: number
-  rxSeries: number[]
-  txSeries: number[]
+  rxSeries: (number|null)[]
+  txSeries: (number|null)[]
 }
 
 interface LiveTrafficInterface {
+  observations?: TrafficObservationMeta
   name: string
   running: boolean
   disabled: boolean
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
 }
 
 function makeApiFetch(backendUrl: string) {
@@ -175,6 +182,13 @@ function makeApiFetch(backendUrl: string) {
   }
 }
 
+function compareRates(a: number|null, b: number|null, direction: "asc"|"desc") {
+  if (a === null && b === null) return 0
+  if (a === null) return direction === "desc" ? -1 : 1
+  if (b === null) return direction === "desc" ? 1 : -1
+  return a - b
+}
+
 function hashSeed(s: string): number {
   let h = 0
   for (let i = 0; i < s.length; i++) h = (h * 31 + s.charCodeAt(i)) | 0
@@ -278,14 +292,14 @@ function buildUserTraffic(
   clients: BoundIfaceTraffic[],
   active = true,
 ): UserTraffic {
-  const rxNow   = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.rxNow,   0)
-  const txNow   = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.txNow,   0)
-  const rxPeak  = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.rxPeak,  0)
-  const txPeak  = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.txPeak,  0)
-  const rxTotal = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.rxTotal, 0)
-  const txTotal = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + c.txTotal, 0)
-  const rxSeries = clients.reduce((a, c) => addSeries(a, c.rxSeries), Array(60).fill(0) as number[])
-  const txSeries = clients.reduce((a, c) => addSeries(a, c.txSeries), Array(60).fill(0) as number[])
+  const rxNow   = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.rxNow ?? 0),   0)
+  const txNow   = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.txNow ?? 0),   0)
+  const rxPeak  = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.rxPeak ?? 0),  0)
+  const txPeak  = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.txPeak ?? 0),  0)
+  const rxTotal = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.rxTotal ?? 0), 0)
+  const txTotal = clients.reduce((a, c) => a + (c.txTotal ?? 0), 0)
+  const rxSeries = clients.reduce((a, c) => addSeries(a, c.rxSeries.map(v => v ?? 0)), Array(60).fill(0) as number[])
+  const txSeries = clients.reduce((a, c) => addSeries(a, c.txSeries.map(v => v ?? 0)), Array(60).fill(0) as number[])
   return { id, login, displayName, role, active, interfaces: clients, rxNow, txNow, rxPeak, txPeak, rxTotal, txTotal, rxSeries, txSeries }
 }
 
@@ -538,21 +552,21 @@ function OfflinePlaceholder({ text = "Нет данных — объект не
 }
 
 function TotalsRow({ rxTotal, txTotal, rxSeries, txSeries }: {
-  rxTotal: number; txTotal: number; rxSeries: number[]; txSeries: number[]
+  rxTotal: number|null; txTotal: number|null; rxSeries: (number|null)[]; txSeries: (number|null)[]
 }) {
   return (
     <div className="mt-4 pt-4 border-t grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 [&>div]:min-w-0 [&_svg]:max-w-full">
       <div>
-        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Получено за период</p>
+        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Учтено RX по замерам</p>
         <p className="text-lg font-semibold tabular-nums">
-          {rxTotal.toFixed(1)} <span className="text-sm font-normal text-muted-foreground">ГБ</span>
+          {fmtGB(rxTotal)}
         </p>
         <Sparkline data={rxSeries} width={180} height={28} color="var(--chart-rx)" filled />
       </div>
       <div>
-        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Отправлено за период</p>
+        <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-1">Учтено TX по замерам</p>
         <p className="text-lg font-semibold tabular-nums">
-          {txTotal.toFixed(1)} <span className="text-sm font-normal text-muted-foreground">ГБ</span>
+          {fmtGB(txTotal)}
         </p>
         <Sparkline data={txSeries} width={180} height={28} color="var(--chart-tx)" filled />
       </div>
@@ -583,7 +597,8 @@ function ServerDetail({
           <Flag code={sel.country} />{sel.site}
         </span>
       </DetailHeader>
-      {sel.status === "offline" ? <OfflinePlaceholder /> : <TrafficRxTxChart rx={sel.rxSeries} tx={sel.txSeries} range={range} />}
+      <TrafficObservationStatus observations={sel.observations} unknown={sel.rxNow == null || sel.txNow == null} />
+      <TrafficRxTxChart rx={sel.rxSeries} tx={sel.txSeries} range={range} />
       <div className="mt-4 pt-4 border-t">
         <KpiStatGrid
           aria-label="Скорость выбранного сервера"
@@ -689,7 +704,7 @@ function IfaceDetail({ sel, range, setRange }: { sel: BoundIfaceTraffic; range:
           <Flag code={sel.serverCountry} />{sel.serverSite}
         </span>
       </DetailHeader>
-      {sel.status === "offline" ? <OfflinePlaceholder /> : <TrafficRxTxChart rx={sel.rxSeries} tx={sel.txSeries} range={range} />}
+      <TrafficRxTxChart rx={sel.rxSeries} tx={sel.txSeries} range={range} />
       <div className="grid grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-4 gap-4 mt-4 pt-4 border-t">
         <StatChip icon={<ArrowDownIcon  className="size-3.5 text-emerald-500" />} label="RX" value={fmtRate(sel.rxNow)} />
         <StatChip icon={<ArrowUpIcon    className="size-3.5 text-blue-500"    />} label="TX" value={fmtRate(sel.txNow)} />
@@ -738,24 +753,16 @@ const toLiveServer = (s: LiveTrafficServer): ServerTraffic => {
     site: s.site || "—",
     country: s.country || "UN",
     status: s.status,
-    rxNow: s.rxNow,
-    txNow: s.txNow,
-    rxPeak: s.rxPeak,
-    txPeak: s.txPeak,
-    rxTotal: s.rxTotal,
-    txTotal: s.txTotal,
     sessions: s.sessions,
-    rxSeries: s.rxSeries,
-    txSeries: s.txSeries,
     boundIfaces: [],
+    ...projectTrafficObservations(s),
   }
 }
 
 const toLiveBound = (c: BoundIfaceTraffic): BoundIfaceTraffic => ({
   ...c,
   interfaceType: (["ether", "gre", "wg", "other"].includes(c.interfaceType) ? c.interfaceType : "other") as InterfaceType,
-  rxSeries: c.rxSeries,
-  txSeries: c.txSeries,
+  ...projectTrafficObservations(c),
 })
 
 const toLiveUser = (u: UserTraffic & { interfaces?: BoundIfaceTraffic[] }): UserTraffic => {
@@ -764,14 +771,19 @@ const toLiveUser = (u: UserTraffic & { interfaces?: BoundIfaceTraffic[] }): User
     ...u,
     role: ROLE_LABEL[u.role as keyof typeof ROLE_LABEL] ?? u.role,
     interfaces: ifaces,
-    rxSeries: u.rxSeries,
-    txSeries: u.txSeries,
+    ...projectTrafficObservations(u),
   }
 }
 
 export default function TrafficPage() {
   const { mode, backendUrl } = useDataSource()
   const isLive = mode === "live"
+  const [trafficClock, setTrafficClock] = useState(() => Date.now())
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isLive) return
+    const timer = setInterval(() => setTrafficClock(Date.now()), 10_000)
+    return () => clearInterval(timer)
+  }, [isLive])
   const apiFetch = useMemo(() => makeApiFetch(backendUrl), [backendUrl])
 
   const [groupMode, setGroupMode] = useState<GroupMode>("servers")
@@ -945,9 +957,9 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
     void listServers(backendUrl).then(setCatalogServers).catch(() => setCatalogServers([]))
   }, [isLive, backendUrl])
 
-  const activeServerTraffic = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveServers : []) : serverTraffic, [isLive, trafficReady, liveServers])
-  const activeUserTraffic = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveUsers : []) : userTraffic, [isLive, trafficReady, liveUsers])
-  const activeBoundIfaces = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveBoundIfaces : []) : boundIfaces, [isLive, trafficReady, liveBoundIfaces])
+  const activeServerTraffic = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveServers.map(s => ({ ...s, ...projectTrafficObservations(s, trafficClock) })) : []) : serverTraffic, [isLive, trafficReady, liveServers, trafficClock])
+  const activeUserTraffic = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveUsers.map(u => ({ ...u, ...projectTrafficObservations(u, trafficClock), interfaces: u.interfaces.map(toLiveBound) })) : []) : userTraffic, [isLive, trafficReady, liveUsers, trafficClock])
+  const activeBoundIfaces = useMemo(() => isLive ? (trafficReady ? liveBoundIfaces.map(c => ({ ...c, ...projectTrafficObservations(c, trafficClock) })) : []) : boundIfaces, [isLive, trafficReady, liveBoundIfaces, trafficClock])
   const visibleIfaces = useMemo(
     () => hideDisabledIfaces ? serverIfaces.filter((i) => !i.disabled && i.running) : serverIfaces,
     [serverIfaces, hideDisabledIfaces],
@@ -1022,8 +1034,8 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
       .filter(s => !q || s.name.toLowerCase().includes(q) || s.site.toLowerCase().includes(q))
       .sort((a, b) => {
         let v = 0
-        if (sortField === "rx")            v = a.rxNow    - b.rxNow
-        else if (sortField === "tx")       v = a.txNow    - b.txNow
+        if (sortField === "rx")            v = compareRates(a.rxNow, b.rxNow, sortDir)
+        else if (sortField === "tx")       v = compareRates(a.txNow, b.txNow, sortDir)
         else if (sortField === "name")     v = a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
         else if (sortField === "sessions") v = a.sessions - b.sessions
         return sortDir === "desc" ? -v : v
@@ -1035,8 +1047,8 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
       .filter(u => !q || u.login.toLowerCase().includes(q) || u.displayName.toLowerCase().includes(q))
       .sort((a, b) => {
         let v = 0
-        if (sortField === "rx")            v = a.rxNow - b.rxNow
-        else if (sortField === "tx")       v = a.txNow - b.txNow
+        if (sortField === "rx")            v = compareRates(a.rxNow, b.rxNow, sortDir)
+        else if (sortField === "tx")       v = compareRates(a.txNow, b.txNow, sortDir)
         else if (sortField === "name")     v = a.login.localeCompare(b.login)
         else if (sortField === "sessions") v = a.interfaces.length - b.interfaces.length
         return sortDir === "desc" ? -v : v
@@ -1052,8 +1064,8 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
         || c.userLogin.toLowerCase().includes(q))
       .sort((a, b) => {
         let v = 0
-        if (sortField === "rx")        v = a.rxNow - b.rxNow
-        else if (sortField === "tx")   v = a.txNow - b.txNow
+        if (sortField === "rx")        v = compareRates(a.rxNow, b.rxNow, sortDir)
+        else if (sortField === "tx")   v = compareRates(a.txNow, b.txNow, sortDir)
         else if (sortField === "name") v = a.interfaceName.localeCompare(b.interfaceName)
         return sortDir === "desc" ? -v : v
       })
@@ -1065,8 +1077,8 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
       .filter((c) => !q || c.name.toLowerCase().includes(q) || c.subtitle.toLowerCase().includes(q) || c.site.toLowerCase().includes(q))
       .sort((a, b) => {
         let v = 0
-        if (sortField === "rx") v = a.rxNow - b.rxNow
-        else if (sortField === "tx") v = a.txNow - b.txNow
+        if (sortField === "rx") v = compareRates(a.rxNow, b.rxNow, sortDir)
+        else if (sortField === "tx") v = compareRates(a.txNow, b.txNow, sortDir)
         else if (sortField === "name") v = a.name.localeCompare(b.name)
         else if (sortField === "sessions") v = a.sessions - b.sessions
         return sortDir === "desc" ? -v : v
@@ -1081,7 +1093,7 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
   const displayedFlow = currentFlows && !liveError ? (flowLiveSample ?? currentAnalytics?.data ?? null) : null
 
   const selServer = useMemo(() => activeServerTraffic.find(s => s.id === selectedId) ?? activeServerTraffic[0], [selectedId, activeServerTraffic])
-  const detailServer = isLive ? currentDetail?.server : selServer
+  const detailServer = isLive ? (currentDetail?.server ? { ...currentDetail.server, ...projectTrafficObservations(currentDetail.server, trafficClock) } : null) : selServer
   const selUser   = useMemo(() => activeUserTraffic.find(u => u.id === selectedId)   ?? activeUserTraffic[0],   [selectedId, activeUserTraffic])
   const selIface  = useMemo(() => activeBoundIfaces.find(c => c.id === selectedId)    ?? activeBoundIfaces[0],    [selectedId, activeBoundIfaces])
 
@@ -1090,10 +1102,10 @@ export default function TrafficPage() {
     : effectiveMode === "ifaces"
       ? activeBoundIfaces
       : activeServerTraffic
-  const totalRx = kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => a + s.rxNow, 0)
-  const totalTx = kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => a + s.txNow, 0)
-  const peakRx  = kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => Math.max(a, s.rxPeak), 0)
-  const peakTx  = kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => Math.max(a, s.txPeak), 0)
+  const totalRx = kpiSource.every(s => s.rxNow !== null) ? kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => a + (s.rxNow ?? 0), 0) : null
+  const totalTx = kpiSource.every(s => s.txNow !== null) ? kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => a + (s.txNow ?? 0), 0) : null
+  const peakRx = kpiSource.every(s => s.rxPeak !== null) ? kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => Math.max(a, s.rxPeak ?? 0), 0) : null
+  const peakTx = kpiSource.every(s => s.txPeak !== null) ? kpiSource.reduce((a, s) => Math.max(a, s.txPeak ?? 0), 0) : null
 
   const visibleSortFields = SORT_FIELDS.filter(s => !s.modesOnly || s.modesOnly.includes(effectiveMode))
   const ingestLine = flowIngestLine(flowStats)
diff --git a/backend/drizzle/0011_traffic_collection_state.sql b/backend/drizzle/0011_traffic_collection_state.sql
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f5c5245f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/drizzle/0011_traffic_collection_state.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS traffic_collection_state (
+  server_id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY REFERENCES servers(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+  server_updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+  last_attempt_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+  last_succeeded_at TIMESTAMPTZ,
+  status TEXT NOT NULL CHECK(status IN ('pending', 'ok', 'error')),
+  error TEXT
+);
diff --git a/backend/package.json b/backend/package.json
index e1268137..8f50dff9 100644
--- a/backend/package.json
+++ b/backend/package.json
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     "test:exec": "tsx src/services/mikrotik-logs.test.ts && tsx src/routes/exec.test.ts && tsx src/plugins/auth.exec.test.ts",
     "test:auth": "tsx src/lib/permissions.test.ts && tsx src/plugins/auth.smoke.test.ts && tsx src/plugins/auth.ospf-optimizer.test.ts",
     "test:wireguard": "npx tsx src/services/wireguard-config.test.ts && npx tsx src/services/wireguard-ipv6.test.ts && npx tsx --test src/services/wireguard-import.test.ts src/services/wireguard-import-apply.test.ts src/services/wireguard-import-revision.test.ts src/services/wireguard-delete.test.ts && npx tsx src/routes/wireguard-import.test.ts",
-    "test:traffic-rate": "tsx src/services/traffic-rate.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-observation-sql.test.ts",
+    "test:traffic-rate": "tsx src/services/traffic-rate.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-freshness.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-observation-sql.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-history-sql.test.ts",
     "test:traffic-flow": "tsx src/routes/traffic-flow-query.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-month.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-parse.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ipv6-pipeline.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-map-exporter.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ifaces.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ifindex.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-dedup.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-planes.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ip.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-dest.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-classify.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ripe.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-brands.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-ingest.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-analytics.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-map-hops.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-purge.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-geoip.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-facts.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-facts-filter.test.ts && tsx src/services/traffic-flow-facts-rebuild.test.ts && tsx src/services/statistics-aggregate.test.ts",
     "test:users": "tsx src/modules/users/iface-type.test.ts && tsx src/modules/users/bindings.test.ts && tsx src/modules/users/interface-inventory.test.ts && tsx src/routes/users-catalog.test.ts",
     "test:pg": "tsx src/db/pg-pool.test.ts && tsx src/db/sql-bind.test.ts && tsx src/db/sqlite-json.test.ts && tsx src/db/traffic-flags.test.ts && tsx src/db/pg-schema.test.ts && tsx src/services/config-revisions.test.ts",
diff --git a/backend/src/db/schema.ts b/backend/src/db/schema.ts
index 22807bd7..ab78f791 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/schema.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/schema.ts
@@ -341,6 +341,15 @@ export const uptimeSettings = pgTable("uptime_settings", {
   updatedAt:      ts("updated_at").notNull().defaultNow(),
 })
 
+export const trafficCollectionState = pgTable("traffic_collection_state", {
+  serverId: intPkRef().primaryKey().references(() => servers.id, { onDelete: "cascade" }),
+  serverUpdatedAt: ts("server_updated_at").notNull(),
+  lastAttemptAt: ts("last_attempt_at").notNull(),
+  lastSucceededAt: ts("last_succeeded_at"),
+  status: text("status").notNull(),
+  error: text("error"),
+})
+
 export const uptimeProbes = pgTable("uptime_probes", {
   id:          text("id").primaryKey(),
   srcServerId: bigint("src_server_id", { mode: "number" }).notNull()
diff --git a/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.test.ts b/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.test.ts
index 1fd05e48..06db8ea3 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.test.ts
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ assert.equal(encodeTrafficFlags(true, true), 3)
 assert.equal(encodeTrafficFlags(false, false), 0)
 assert.equal(trafficFlagRunning(1), true)
 assert.equal(trafficFlagDisabled(1), false)
-assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(1), { running: true, disabled: false })
-assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(0), { running: false, disabled: false })
-assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(undefined), { running: false, disabled: false })
+assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(1), { running: true, disabled: false, countersKnown: false })
+assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(0), { running: false, disabled: false, countersKnown: false })
+assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(undefined), { running: false, disabled: false, countersKnown: false })
+assert.equal(encodeTrafficFlags(true,false,true),5)
+assert.deepEqual(decodeTrafficSampleFlags(5), {running:true,disabled:false,countersKnown:true})
 
 console.log("traffic-flags.test.ts: ok")
diff --git a/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.ts b/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.ts
index a0a813bc..4c1da1e5 100644
--- a/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.ts
+++ b/backend/src/db/traffic-flags.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 export const TRAFFIC_FLAG_RUNNING = 1
 export const TRAFFIC_FLAG_DISABLED = 2
+export const TRAFFIC_FLAG_COUNTERS_KNOWN = 4
 
-export function encodeTrafficFlags(running: boolean, disabled: boolean): number {
+export function encodeTrafficFlags(running: boolean, disabled: boolean, countersKnown = false): number {
   return (running ? TRAFFIC_FLAG_RUNNING : 0) | (disabled ? TRAFFIC_FLAG_DISABLED : 0)
+    | (countersKnown ? TRAFFIC_FLAG_COUNTERS_KNOWN : 0)
 }
 
 export function trafficFlagRunning(flags: number | null | undefined): boolean {
@@ -16,9 +18,11 @@ export function trafficFlagDisabled(flags: number | null | undefined): boolean {
 export function decodeTrafficSampleFlags(flags: number | null | undefined): {
   running: boolean
   disabled: boolean
+  countersKnown: boolean
 } {
   return {
     running: trafficFlagRunning(flags),
     disabled: trafficFlagDisabled(flags),
+    countersKnown: ((Number(flags) || 0) & TRAFFIC_FLAG_COUNTERS_KNOWN) !== 0,
   }
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/routes/traffic.ts b/backend/src/routes/traffic.ts
index a8c71995..72ed2a74 100644
--- a/backend/src/routes/traffic.ts
+++ b/backend/src/routes/traffic.ts
@@ -5,32 +5,28 @@ import type { FastifyPluginAsyncZod } from "@fastify/type-provider-zod"
 import { db } from "../db/index.js"
 import { serverSnapshots, servers } from "../db/schema.js"
 import {
-  collectTrafficOnce,
   getTrafficCollectorState,
   getTrafficSettings,
   readServerSamplesInRange,
   updateTrafficSettings,
 } from "../services/traffic-collector.js"
-import { scheduleAlertEngineAfterDataCollectors } from "../services/alert-collector-hooks.js"
-import { refreshScheduler } from "../services/scheduler.js"
+import { refreshScheduler, runSchedulerJobNow } from "../services/scheduler.js"
 import { appendEvent } from "../modules/events/service/events-service.js"
 import { MikrotikClient } from "../services/mikrotik.js"
 import { getEnabledServerById } from "../services/wireguard-live.js"
+import { readTrafficCollectionContext } from "../services/traffic-collection-state.js"
+import { applyTrafficFreshness } from "../services/traffic-freshness.js"
 import {
-  bpsToMbps,
   buildTrafficFromSamples,
   type TrafficObservations,
   isLoopbackName,
   parseMonitorTraffic,
-  rateBpsFromDelta,
 } from "../services/traffic-rate.js"
 import {
   buildBoundInterfaceTraffic,
   buildUserTrafficList,
 } from "../services/traffic-users.js"
 
-type SnapshotRow = typeof serverSnapshots.$inferSelect
-
 interface TrafficServerDto {
   observations?:TrafficObservations
   id: string
@@ -53,8 +49,8 @@ interface TrafficInterfaceDto {
   name: string
   running: boolean
   disabled: boolean
-  rxNow: number
-  txNow: number
+  rxNow: number | null
+  txNow: number | null
 }
 
 const LIVE_TICK_MS = 1500
@@ -96,6 +92,7 @@ function buildServerTraffic(
   rangeStartMs: number,
   rangeEndMs: number,
   onlyInterface?: string,
+  context?: Awaited<ReturnType<typeof readTrafficCollectionContext>>,
 ): TrafficServerDto {
   const built = buildTrafficFromSamples(rows, rangeStartMs, rangeEndMs, onlyInterface,undefined,true)
   return {
@@ -104,7 +101,7 @@ function buildServerTraffic(
     site: s.site || "—",
     country: s.country || "UN",
     status,
-    observations:built.observations,
+    observations:built.observations && applyTrafficFreshness(built.observations, s, context?.settings, context?.states.get(s.id), rangeEndMs),
     rxNow: built.rxNow,
     txNow: built.txNow,
     rxPeak: built.rxPeak,
@@ -122,23 +119,6 @@ async function snapshotStatus(serverId: number): Promise<TrafficServerDto["statu
   return snap?.status === "offline" ? "offline" : (snap?.status === "online" ? "online" : "degraded")
 }
 
-function ifaceNowMbps(
-  prev: { rxBytes: number; txBytes: number; sampledAt: string } | undefined,
-  last: { rxBytes: number; txBytes: number; sampledAt: string; rxBps: number; txBps: number },
-): { rxNow: number; txNow: number } {
-  if (!prev) {
-    return { rxNow: bpsToMbps(last.rxBps), txNow: bpsToMbps(last.txBps) }
-  }
-  const t0 = Date.parse(prev.sampledAt)
-  const t1 = Date.parse(last.sampledAt)
-  const rxBps = rateBpsFromDelta(prev.rxBytes, last.rxBytes, t0, t1)
-  const txBps = rateBpsFromDelta(prev.txBytes, last.txBytes, t0, t1)
-  return {
-    rxNow: bpsToMbps(rxBps ?? last.rxBps),
-    txNow: bpsToMbps(txBps ?? last.txBps),
-  }
-}
-
 function writeSse(raw: NodeJS.WritableStream, event: string, data: unknown) {
   raw.write(`event: ${event}\ndata: ${JSON.stringify(data)}\n\n`)
 }
@@ -267,8 +247,17 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
 
   app.post("/traffic/collect-now", async (_req, reply) => {
     try {
-      await collectTrafficOnce()
-      scheduleAlertEngineAfterDataCollectors()
+      const receipt = await runSchedulerJobNow("traffic")
+      if (!receipt.result || receipt.result.job !== "traffic") return reply.status(502).send({ ok: false, error: receipt.error ?? "Нет подтверждённого результата сбора" })
+      const result = receipt.result
+      if (result.skipped) return reply.status(409).send({ error: "Сбор трафика уже выполняется" })
+      const failures = result.servers.filter(s => !s.ok)
+      if (result.fatalError || failures.length) {
+        const error = result.fatalError ?? failures.map(s => `${s.name}: ${s.error ?? "Ошибка опроса"}`).join("; ")
+        await appendEvent({ level: "warning", eventType: "traffic.collect.manual.failed", sourceModule: "traffic",
+          title: "Сбор трафика завершён с ошибками", message: error })
+        return reply.status(502).send({ ok: false, error, failures, succeeded: result.servers.filter(s => s.ok).map(s => s.serverId) })
+      }
       const updated = await getTrafficSettings()
       await appendEvent({
         level: "info",
@@ -287,6 +276,8 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
         lastError: updated.lastError || null,
       })
     } catch (error) {
+      if (typeof error === "object" && error && "statusCode" in error && error.statusCode === 409)
+        return reply.status(409).send({ error: error instanceof Error ? error.message : "Сбор трафика уже выполняется" })
       const msg = error instanceof Error ? error.message : String(error)
       await appendEvent({
         level: "critical",
@@ -306,9 +297,10 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
     const rangeStartMs = rangeEndMs - minutes * 60_000
     const sinceIso = new Date(rangeStartMs).toISOString()
     const allServers = await db.select().from(servers).where(eq(servers.enabled, true))
+    const context = await readTrafficCollectionContext()
     const data = await Promise.all(allServers.map(async (s): Promise<TrafficServerDto> => {
       const rows = await readServerSamplesInRange(s.id, sinceIso)
-      return buildServerTraffic(s, await snapshotStatus(s.id), rows, rangeStartMs, rangeEndMs)
+      return buildServerTraffic(s, await snapshotStatus(s.id), rows, rangeStartMs, rangeEndMs, undefined, context)
     }))
 
     return reply.send({ servers: data })
@@ -385,9 +377,10 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
 
     const sinceIso = new Date(Date.now() - 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000).toISOString()
     const rows = await readServerSamplesInRange(serverId, sinceIso)
+    const context = await readTrafficCollectionContext(), end = Date.now()
     const byIface = new Map<string, typeof rows>()
     for (const r of rows) {
-      if (isLoopbackName(r.interfaceName)) continue
+      if (isLoopbackName(r.interfaceName) || r.peerPublicKey) continue
       const arr = byIface.get(r.interfaceName) ?? []
       arr.push(r)
       byIface.set(r.interfaceName, arr)
@@ -395,19 +388,19 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
     const interfaces: TrafficInterfaceDto[] = [...byIface.entries()].map(([name, arr]) => {
       const sorted = arr.sort((a, b) => a.sampledAt.localeCompare(b.sampledAt))
       const last = sorted[sorted.length - 1]
-      const prev = sorted[sorted.length - 2]
       if (!last) {
         return { name, running: false, disabled: true, rxNow: 0, txNow: 0 }
       }
-      const now = ifaceNowMbps(prev, last)
+      const built = buildTrafficFromSamples(sorted, Date.parse(sinceIso), end, name, undefined, true)
+      const observed = applyTrafficFreshness(built.observations!, server, context.settings, context.states.get(server.id), end)
       return {
         name,
         running: Boolean(last.running),
         disabled: Boolean(last.disabled),
-        rxNow: now.rxNow,
-        txNow: now.txNow,
+        rxNow: observed.rxNow ? built.rxNow : null,
+        txNow: observed.txNow ? built.txNow : null,
       }
-    }).sort((a, b) => (b.rxNow + b.txNow) - (a.rxNow + a.txNow))
+    }).sort((a, b) => ((b.rxNow ?? -1) + (b.txNow ?? -1)) - ((a.rxNow ?? -1) + (a.txNow ?? -1)))
 
     return reply.send({ interfaces })
   })
@@ -432,6 +425,7 @@ const trafficRoutes: FastifyPluginAsyncZod = async (app) => {
       rangeStartMs,
       rangeEndMs,
       q.iface && q.iface !== "__all__" ? q.iface : undefined,
+      await readTrafficCollectionContext(),
     )
     return reply.send({ server: data })
   })
diff --git a/backend/src/services/alert-engine/signals-from-collectors.ts b/backend/src/services/alert-engine/signals-from-collectors.ts
index 12ecf3f2..b0353908 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/alert-engine/signals-from-collectors.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/alert-engine/signals-from-collectors.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import { collectGreSignalsFromRuns } from "./gre-signals.js"
 import { readGreBgpRunSnapshots } from "../gre-bgp-snapshot-history.js"
 import { collectSourceSignals, probePeriodMs, type CollectorRunRow, type CollectorSourceConfig } from "./collector-source-signals.js"
 import type { SignalSnapshot } from "./types.js"
+import type { TrafficAttempt } from "../traffic-freshness.js"
+import { applyTrafficFreshness } from "../traffic-freshness.js"
 
 export type CollectorRead = <T extends object>(query: string, params?: unknown[]) => Promise<T[]>
 export type CollectorSourceSnapshot = Pick<SignalSnapshot, "sampledAt" | "servers" | "probes" | "trafficByServer">
@@ -18,7 +20,7 @@ async function readRuns(read: CollectorRead, job: string, limit: number, since?:
 /** Read-only: do not seed defaults or load credentials while building alert facts. */
 export async function readCollectorSourceSnapshot(clock: () => number = Date.now, read: CollectorRead = dbAll): Promise<CollectorSourceSnapshot> {
   const now = clock()
-  const [servers, probes, uptime, rest, traffic] = await Promise.all([
+  const [servers, probes, uptime, rest, traffic, attempts] = await Promise.all([
     read<CollectorSourceConfig["servers"][number]>("SELECT id, name, host, enabled, updated_at AS \"updatedAt\" FROM servers"),
     read<CollectorSourceConfig["probes"][number]>(`SELECT id, name, target, src_server_id AS "srcServerId", src_interface AS "srcInterface",
       enabled, interval_sec AS "intervalSec", updated_at AS "updatedAt" FROM uptime_probes`),
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@ export async function readCollectorSourceSnapshot(clock: () => number = Date.now
       interval_sec AS "intervalSec", probe_interval_sec AS "probeIntervalSec" FROM uptime_settings WHERE id = 1`),
     read<NonNullable<CollectorSourceConfig["rest"]>>('SELECT enabled, interval_sec AS "intervalSec" FROM servers_api_ping_settings WHERE id = 1'),
     read<NonNullable<CollectorSourceConfig["traffic"]>>('SELECT enabled, interval_sec AS "intervalSec" FROM traffic_settings WHERE id = 1'),
+    read<TrafficAttempt & {serverId:number}>(`SELECT server_id AS "serverId",server_updated_at AS "serverUpdatedAt",
+      last_attempt_at AS "lastAttemptAt",last_succeeded_at AS "lastSucceededAt",status,error FROM traffic_collection_state`),
   ])
   const config: CollectorSourceConfig = { servers, probes, uptime: uptime[0], rest: rest[0], traffic: traffic[0] }
   const periods = probes.filter(p => p.enabled).map(p => probePeriodMs(config, p)).filter(Number.isFinite)
@@ -36,9 +40,17 @@ export async function readCollectorSourceSnapshot(clock: () => number = Date.now
     readRuns(read, "uptime_ping", 4096, new Date(now - probeWindowMs).toISOString()),
     readRuns(read, "traffic", 8),
   ])
+  const facts = collectSourceSignals(config, { resources: resourceRuns, rest: restRuns, ping: pingRuns, traffic: trafficRuns }, now)
+  facts.trafficByServer = facts.trafficByServer.filter(signal => {
+    const server = servers.find(s => (s.name || s.host) === signal.serverName)
+    const attempt = server && attempts.find(a => a.serverId === Number(server.id))
+    if (!attempt) return true // Existing scheduler provenance remains readable until this device's first new attempt.
+    return !!server && applyTrafficFreshness({ rxNow: true, txNow: true, rxSeries: [], txSeries: [], sampledAt: signal.sampledAt },
+      { enabled: server.enabled === true, updatedAt: server.updatedAt ?? "" }, traffic[0], attempt, now).currentState === "current"
+  })
   return {
     sampledAt: new Date(now).toISOString(),
-    ...collectSourceSignals(config, { resources: resourceRuns, rest: restRuns, ping: pingRuns, traffic: trafficRuns }, now),
+    ...facts,
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.test.ts b/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.test.ts
index e08e16cc..6fa20b2c 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.test.ts
@@ -55,9 +55,15 @@ test("partial backups, renew and alert errors are explicit while confirmed resul
   assert.match(schedulerSnapshotError({ v: 1, job: "alert_engine", sampledAt: "now", rulesChecked: 1, standaloneFires: 0, groupFires: 0, skippedNoTelegram: false, errors: ["send failed"] })!, /send failed/)
 })
 test("valid offline/down observations are not collector errors", () => {
-  assert.equal(schedulerSnapshotError({ v: 1, job: "traffic", sampledAt: "now", servers: [{ serverId: 1, name: "router", host: "host", ok: false, error: "offline" }] }), null)
+  assert.equal(schedulerSnapshotError({ v: 1, job: "traffic", sampledAt: "now", servers: [{ serverId: 1, name: "router", host: "host", ok: true, sumRxMbps: 0, sumTxMbps: 0 }] }), null)
   assert.equal(schedulerSnapshotError({ v: 1, job: "uptime_ping", sampledAt: "now", probes: [{ probeId: "probe", name: "probe", target: "host", srcServerId: 1, srcServerName: "router", srcInterface: "ether1", ok: false, rttMs: null, lossPct: 100, status: "down" }] }), null)
 })
+test("traffic command errors are limitations; partial measurements remain in the receipt",async()=>{
+  const snapshot={v:1 as const,job:"traffic" as const,sampledAt:"now",servers:[{serverId:1,name:"router",host:"host",ok:false,error:"401"},{serverId:2,name:"second",host:"second",ok:true,sumRxMbps:0,sumTxMbps:0}]}
+  const h=harness(snapshot as never),receipt=await runRecordedSchedulerJob(h.deps)
+  assert.equal(receipt.status,"error");assert.match(receipt.error!,/router: 401/)
+  assert.equal(receipt.result,snapshot);assert.equal(h.records.length,1);assert.equal(h.events[0].level,"warning")
+})
 test("skipped/not-due snapshots preserve their reason and do not announce completed work", async () => {
   for (const snapshot of [backup({ due: false }), backup({ skipped: true })]) {
     const h = harness(snapshot); const receipt = await runRecordedSchedulerJob(h.deps)
diff --git a/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.ts b/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.ts
index 68554200..4c9a1a13 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/scheduler-recorded-run.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ export function schedulerSnapshotError(snapshot: SchedulerRunSnapshot | null): s
   if (!snapshot) return null
   if ("fatalError" in snapshot && snapshot.fatalError) return snapshot.fatalError
   const errors = "errors" in snapshot ? [...(snapshot.errors ?? [])] : []
+  if (snapshot.job === "traffic") for (const server of snapshot.servers) {
+    if (!server.ok) errors.push(`${server.name}: ${server.error ?? "Ошибка опроса трафика"}`)
+  }
   if (snapshot.job === "uptime_speed") {
     for (const run of snapshot.runs) if (!run.ok && run.error) errors.push(run.error)
   }
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-collection-state.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-collection-state.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..59758a6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-collection-state.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { and, eq, lte } from "drizzle-orm"
+import { db } from "../db/index.js"
+import { trafficCollectionState, trafficSettings, type Server } from "../db/schema.js"
+
+export async function recordTrafficCollectionAttempt(server: Pick<Server, "id" | "updatedAt">,
+  status: "pending" | "ok" | "error", sampledAt: string, error?: string) {
+  if (status === "pending") {
+    const next = { serverId: server.id, serverUpdatedAt: server.updatedAt,
+      lastAttemptAt: sampledAt, status, error: null }
+    await db.insert(trafficCollectionState).values(next).onConflictDoUpdate({
+      target: trafficCollectionState.serverId, set: next,
+      setWhere: lte(trafficCollectionState.lastAttemptAt, sampledAt),
+    })
+  } else {
+    await db.update(trafficCollectionState).set({ status, error: error?.slice(0, 1024) ?? null,
+      ...(status === "ok" ? { lastSucceededAt: sampledAt } : {}) }).where(and(
+      eq(trafficCollectionState.serverId, server.id), eq(trafficCollectionState.lastAttemptAt, sampledAt),
+    ))
+  }
+}
+
+/** Read-only: does not create default settings or contact a device. */
+export async function readTrafficCollectionContext() {
+  const [states, settings] = await Promise.all([db.select().from(trafficCollectionState),
+    db.select().from(trafficSettings).where(eq(trafficSettings.id, 1)).limit(1)])
+  return { states: new Map(states.map(s => [s.serverId, s])), settings: settings[0] }
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-collector.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-collector.ts
index 11e5f77e..19af9f12 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/traffic-collector.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-collector.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { MikrotikClient } from "./mikrotik.js"
 import { bpsToMbps, shouldIncludeIface } from "./traffic-rate.js"
 import { observedTrafficRate, parseTrafficCounter } from "./traffic-observation.js"
 import { rememberServerIfaces } from "./traffic-flow-ifindex.js"
+import { recordTrafficCollectionAttempt } from "./traffic-collection-state.js"
 
 interface RosIfaceTraffic {
   ".id"?: string
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ async function readPreviousWave(serverId: number): Promise<Map<string, { rxBytes
       peerPublicKey: trafficSamples.peerPublicKey,
       rxBytes: trafficSamples.rxBytes,
       txBytes: trafficSamples.txBytes,
+      flags: trafficSamples.flags,
       sampledAt: trafficSamples.sampledAt,
     })
     .from(trafficSamples)
@@ -93,7 +95,8 @@ async function readPreviousWave(serverId: number): Promise<Map<string, { rxBytes
       eq(trafficSamples.serverId, serverId),
       eq(trafficSamples.sampledAt, last.sampledAt),
     ))
-  return new Map(rows.map((r) => [`${r.interfaceName}\0${r.peerPublicKey ?? ""}`, r]))
+  return new Map(rows.filter(r => decodeTrafficSampleFlags(r.flags).countersKnown)
+    .map((r) => [`${r.interfaceName}\0${r.peerPublicKey ?? ""}`, r]))
 }
 
 export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
@@ -110,7 +113,6 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
   collecting = true
   const startedAt = Date.now()
   const now = sampledAt
-  const settings = await getSettingsRow()
   const snapshot: TrafficRunSnapshot = {
     v: SCHEDULER_RUN_SNAPSHOT_VERSION,
     job: "traffic",
@@ -119,11 +121,13 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
   }
 
   try {
+    await getSettingsRow()
     const enabledServers = await db.select().from(servers).where(eq(servers.enabled, true))
 
     for (const srv of enabledServers) {
       const name = srv.name || srv.host
       try {
+        await recordTrafficCollectionAttempt(srv, "pending", now)
         const client = MikrotikClient.fromServer(srv)
         const ifaces = await client.get<RosIfaceTraffic[]>("/interface")
         rememberServerIfaces(srv.id, ifaces)
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
             txBytes,
             rxBps,
             txBps,
-            flags: encodeTrafficFlags(running, disabled),
+            flags: encodeTrafficFlags(running, disabled, true),
           }
         })
         try {
@@ -184,7 +188,7 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
               txBytes,
               rxBps,
               txBps,
-              flags: encodeTrafficFlags(running, disabled),
+              flags: encodeTrafficFlags(running, disabled, true),
             })
           }
         } catch {
@@ -193,6 +197,7 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
         if (rows.length > 0) {
           await db.insert(trafficSamples).values(rows)
         }
+        await recordTrafficCollectionAttempt(srv, "ok", now)
         snapshot.servers.push({
           serverId: srv.id,
           name,
@@ -205,6 +210,7 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
           } : {}),
         })
       } catch (err) {
+        await recordTrafficCollectionAttempt(srv, "error", now, err instanceof Error ? err.message : String(err))
         snapshot.servers.push({
           serverId: srv.id,
           name,
@@ -218,7 +224,7 @@ export async function collectTrafficOnce(): Promise<TrafficRunSnapshot> {
     await db.update(trafficSettings).set({
       lastCollectedAt: now,
       lastDurationMs: Date.now() - startedAt,
-      lastError: "",
+      lastError: snapshot.servers.filter(s => !s.ok).map(s => `${s.name}: ${s.error ?? "Ошибка опроса"}`).join("; "),
       updatedAt: now,
     }).where(eq(trafficSettings.id, 1))
   } catch (e) {
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.test.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a06dda20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict"
+import { applyTrafficFreshness, mergeTrafficObservations } from "./traffic-freshness.js"
+const now = Date.parse("2026-10-12T12:00:00Z"), iso = (offset=0) => new Date(now+offset).toISOString()
+const observed = {rxNow:true,txNow:true,rxSeries:[false,true],txSeries:[false,true],sampledAt:iso()}
+const server={enabled:true,updatedAt:iso(-3600_000)},settings={enabled:true,intervalSec:30}
+const attempt={serverUpdatedAt:server.updatedAt,lastAttemptAt:iso(),lastSucceededAt:iso(),status:"ok",error:null}
+const check=(s=server,c=settings,a:typeof attempt|undefined=attempt,o=observed,t=now)=>applyTrafficFreshness(o,s,c,a,t)
+assert.equal(check().currentState,"current");assert.equal(check().rxNow,true)
+for(const status of ["error","pending"]) {const r=check(server,settings,{...attempt,status});assert.equal(r.currentState,status);assert.equal(r.rxNow,false);assert.deepEqual(r.rxSeries,observed.rxSeries)}
+assert.equal(applyTrafficFreshness(observed,server,settings,undefined,now).currentState,"unknown")
+assert.equal(check({...server,updatedAt:iso(1)}).currentState,"unknown")
+assert.equal(check({...server,enabled:false}).currentState,"disabled")
+assert.equal(check(server,{...settings,enabled:false}).currentState,"disabled")
+assert.equal(check(server,settings,attempt,observed,now+90_000).currentState,"current")
+assert.equal(check(server,settings,attempt,observed,now+90_001).currentState,"stale")
+assert.equal(check(server,settings,{...attempt,lastAttemptAt:iso(30_001)}).currentState,"stale")
+assert.equal(check(server,settings,attempt,{...observed,sampledAt:iso(-1000)}).currentState,"unknown")
+const mixed=mergeTrafficObservations([check(),check(server,settings,{...attempt,status:"error",error:"401"} as typeof attempt)])
+assert.equal(mixed.rxNow,false);assert.equal(mixed.currentState,"error");assert.deepEqual(mixed.rxSeries,[false,true])
+assert.equal(mergeTrafficObservations([]).rxNow,false)
+console.log("traffic freshness/source barrier/merge tests ok")
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..476332ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-freshness.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import type { TrafficObservations } from "./traffic-rate.js"
+
+export type TrafficCurrentState = "current" | "unknown" | "pending" | "error" | "stale" | "disabled"
+export interface TrafficAttempt {
+  serverUpdatedAt: string | Date; lastAttemptAt: string | Date; lastSucceededAt: string | Date | null; status: string; error: string | null
+}
+export function mergeTrafficObservations(parts: TrafficObservations[]): TrafficObservations {
+  const oldest = (key: "sampledAt" | "lastAttemptAt" | "lastSucceededAt" | "expiresAt") => {
+    const times = parts.map(p => Date.parse(p[key] ?? ""))
+    return times.length && times.every(Number.isFinite) ? new Date(Math.min(...times)).toISOString() : null
+  }
+  const states: TrafficCurrentState[] = ["error", "pending", "stale", "disabled", "unknown"]
+  return { rxNow: !!parts.length && parts.every(p => p.rxNow), txNow: !!parts.length && parts.every(p => p.txNow),
+    rxSeries: Array.from({ length: parts[0]?.rxSeries.length ?? 60 }, (_, i) => !!parts.length && parts.every(p => p.rxSeries[i])),
+    txSeries: Array.from({ length: parts[0]?.txSeries.length ?? 60 }, (_, i) => !!parts.length && parts.every(p => p.txSeries[i])),
+    sampledAt: oldest("sampledAt"), expiresAt: oldest("expiresAt"), lastAttemptAt: oldest("lastAttemptAt"), lastSucceededAt: oldest("lastSucceededAt"),
+    currentState: parts.length ? states.find(state => parts.some(p => p.currentState === state)) ?? "current" : "unknown",
+    error: parts.find(p => p.error)?.error ?? null,
+  }
+}
+export function applyTrafficFreshness(observations: TrafficObservations,
+  server: { enabled: boolean; updatedAt: string | Date },
+  settings: { enabled: boolean; intervalSec: number } | undefined,
+  attempt: TrafficAttempt | undefined, now: number): TrafficObservations {
+  const period = Math.max(5, settings?.intervalSec ?? 30) * 1000
+  const time = (raw: string | Date | null | undefined) => raw instanceof Date ? raw.getTime() : Date.parse(raw ?? "")
+  const attemptMs = time(attempt?.lastAttemptAt), successMs = time(attempt?.lastSucceededAt)
+  let currentState: TrafficCurrentState = "unknown"
+  if (!server.enabled || settings?.enabled === false) currentState = "disabled"
+  else if (settings && attempt && time(attempt.serverUpdatedAt) === time(server.updatedAt)) {
+    if (!Number.isFinite(attemptMs) || attemptMs > now + period || now - attemptMs > 3 * period) currentState = "stale"
+    else if (attempt.status === "pending") currentState = "pending"
+    else if (attempt.status === "error") currentState = "error"
+    else if (attempt.status === "ok" && successMs === attemptMs &&
+      Date.parse(observations.sampledAt ?? "") === successMs && (observations.rxNow || observations.txNow)) currentState = "current"
+  }
+  return { ...observations,
+    expiresAt: Number.isFinite(attemptMs + 3 * period) && Math.abs(attemptMs + 3 * period) <= 8.64e15 ? new Date(attemptMs + 3 * period).toISOString() : null,
+    rxNow: currentState === "current" && observations.rxNow,
+    txNow: currentState === "current" && observations.txNow,
+    currentState, lastAttemptAt: Number.isFinite(attemptMs) ? new Date(attemptMs).toISOString() : null,
+    lastSucceededAt: Number.isFinite(successMs) ? new Date(successMs).toISOString() : null,
+    error: attempt?.error ?? null,
+  }
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-history-sql.test.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-history-sql.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..82e9c557
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-history-sql.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict"
+import { createServer } from "node:http"
+import Fastify from "fastify"
+import { pool, closePool } from "../db/index.js"
+import { initDatabase } from "../db/bootstrap.js"
+import { collectTrafficOnce } from "./traffic-collector.js"
+import { recordTrafficCollectionAttempt } from "./traffic-collection-state.js"
+import { buildSignalSnapshotFromCollectors } from "./alert-engine/signals-from-collectors.js"
+import trafficRoutes from "../routes/traffic.js"
+import { clearAlertCollectorHooksTimer } from "./alert-collector-hooks.js"
+
+const database=process.env.MMAPP_OWN_SQL_DB
+if(!database) console.log("traffic history SQL: skipped; explicit owned database required")
+else {
+  assert(/^mm_accept_166_\d+$/.test(database));assert.equal(new URL(process.env.DATABASE_URL!).pathname,"/"+database)
+  assert.equal((await pool.query("SELECT current_database() AS name")).rows[0].name,database)
+  const prefix="own-history178-"+Date.now()+"-",userId=prefix+"user"
+  let serverId:number|undefined,deny=false,counter="1000",cases=0,requests=0
+  const http=createServer((req,res)=>{requests++;res.setHeader("Content-Type","application/json");if(deny){res.statusCode=401;res.end('{"message":"Unauthorized"}')}else res.end(JSON.stringify(req.url?.includes("/wireguard/")?[]:[{name:"ether1",running:"true",disabled:"false","rx-byte":counter,"tx-byte":counter}]))})
+  await new Promise<void>(resolve=>http.listen(0,"127.0.0.1",resolve));const address=http.address();assert(address&&typeof address==="object")
+  const app=Fastify();await app.register(trafficRoutes)
+  const get=async(path:string)=>{const r=await app.inject({method:"GET",url:path});assert.equal(r.statusCode,200);return r.json()}
+  try {
+    await initDatabase()
+    const updatedAt=new Date(Date.now()-3_600_000).toISOString()
+    serverId=Number((await pool.query("INSERT INTO servers(name,host,port,use_ssl,enabled,username,password,updated_at) VALUES($1,'127.0.0.1',$2,false,true,'fixture','fixture',$3) RETURNING id",[prefix+"server",address.port,updatedAt])).rows[0].id)
+    await pool.query("INSERT INTO traffic_settings(id,enabled,interval_sec) VALUES(1,true,30) ON CONFLICT(id) DO UPDATE SET enabled=true,interval_sec=30")
+    await pool.query("INSERT INTO app_users(id,login,name) VALUES($1,$2,$3)",[userId,prefix+"login","History fixture"])
+    await pool.query("INSERT INTO user_interface_bindings(id,user_id,server_id,interface_name,interface_type) VALUES($1,$2,$3,'ether1','ether')",[prefix+"binding",userId,serverId])
+    for(const offset of[-60_000,-30_000])await pool.query("INSERT INTO traffic_samples(server_id,interface_name,sampled_at,rx_bytes,tx_bytes,flags) VALUES($1,'ether1',$2,1000,1000,1)",[serverId,new Date(Date.now()+offset).toISOString()])
+    const detail=async()=> (await get(`/traffic/servers/${serverId}?range=1h`)).server
+    let dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.rxNow,false);assert(dto.observations.rxSeries.every((v:boolean)=>!v));cases++
+    await collectTrafficOnce();dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.rxNow,false);cases++
+    await pool.query("DELETE FROM traffic_samples WHERE server_id=$1 AND (flags & 4)=0",[serverId])
+    await pool.query("UPDATE traffic_samples SET sampled_at=$1 WHERE server_id=$2",[new Date(Date.now()-30_000).toISOString(),serverId])
+    counter="3751000";const success=await collectTrafficOnce();dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"current");assert.equal(dto.observations.rxNow,true);assert(dto.rxNow>0.9);cases++
+    await pool.query("INSERT INTO scheduler_runs(id,job_key,started_at,finished_at,status,result_json) VALUES($1,'traffic',$2,$3,'ok',$4::jsonb)",[prefix+"run",success.sampledAt,new Date().toISOString(),JSON.stringify(success)])
+    assert.equal((await buildSignalSnapshotFromCollectors()).trafficByServer.length,1);cases++
+    const succeeded=dto.observations.lastSucceededAt
+    deny=true;await collectTrafficOnce();dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"error");assert.equal(dto.observations.rxNow,false);assert.equal(dto.observations.lastSucceededAt,succeeded);assert(dto.observations.rxSeries.some(Boolean));cases++
+    assert.deepEqual((await buildSignalSnapshotFromCollectors()).trafficByServer,[]);cases++
+    const users=(await get("/traffic/users?range=1h")).users, bound=(await get("/traffic/bound-interfaces?range=1h")).interfaces
+    assert.equal(users.find((u:{id:string})=>u.id===userId).observations.currentState,"error");assert.equal(bound.find((b:{userId:string})=>b.userId===userId).observations.rxNow,false);cases++
+    const interfaces=(await get(`/traffic/servers/${serverId}/interfaces`)).interfaces;assert.equal(interfaces[0].rxNow,null);cases++
+    const manual=await app.inject({method:"POST",url:"/traffic/collect-now"});assert.equal(manual.statusCode,502);assert.equal(manual.json().ok,false)
+    assert((await pool.query("SELECT status FROM scheduler_runs WHERE job_key='traffic' ORDER BY finished_at DESC LIMIT 1")).rows[0].status==="error");cases++
+    deny=false;counter="3751000";const recovery=await app.inject({method:"POST",url:"/traffic/collect-now"});assert.equal(recovery.statusCode,200);dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"current");assert.equal(dto.rxNow,0);cases++
+    await pool.query("UPDATE traffic_collection_state SET last_attempt_at=$1,last_succeeded_at=$1 WHERE server_id=$2",[new Date(Date.now()-100_000).toISOString(),serverId]);dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"stale");assert.equal(dto.observations.rxNow,false);assert(dto.observations.rxSeries.some(Boolean));cases++
+    await recordTrafficCollectionAttempt({id:serverId,updatedAt},"pending",new Date().toISOString());dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"pending");cases++
+    await pool.query("UPDATE servers SET updated_at=$1 WHERE id=$2",[new Date(Date.now()+1).toISOString(),serverId]);dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"unknown");cases++
+    await pool.query("UPDATE servers SET enabled=false WHERE id=$1",[serverId]);const before=requests;await collectTrafficOnce();assert.equal(requests,before);dto=await detail();assert.equal(dto.observations.currentState,"disabled");cases++
+    console.log(`traffic history owned SQL: ${cases} cases; legacy/current/failure/history/users/interfaces/manual/source/stale/pending/config/disabled passed`)
+  } finally {
+    clearAlertCollectorHooksTimer()
+    await app.close();await new Promise<void>(resolve=>http.close(()=>resolve()))
+    await pool.query("DELETE FROM app_users WHERE id=$1",[userId])
+    await pool.query("DELETE FROM scheduler_runs WHERE id LIKE $1",[prefix+"%"])
+    if(serverId!==undefined){await pool.query("DELETE FROM traffic_samples WHERE server_id=$1",[serverId]);await pool.query("DELETE FROM servers WHERE id=$1",[serverId])}
+    await closePool()
+  }
+}
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts
index a84af8bd..d29e27d4 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.test.ts
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ const context = vm.createContext({
   SCHEDULER_RUN_SNAPSHOT_VERSION: 1, servers: {}, trafficSamples: {}, trafficSettings: {}, eq: () => ({}),
   getSettingsRow: async () => ({}), readPreviousWave: async () => wave, rememberServerIfaces: () => {},
   encodeTrafficFlags: () => 1,
+  recordTrafficCollectionAttempt: async () => {},
   MikrotikClient: { fromServer: () => ({ get: async (path: string) => path === "/interface" ?
     [{ name: "ether1", running: String(included), disabled: "false", "rx-byte": counters, "tx-byte": counters }] : [] }) },
   db: {
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.ts
index 6a67982a..b80e2020 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-observation.ts
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@ export function observedTrafficRate(
   rxBytes: number, txBytes: number, nowMs: number,
 ): { rxBps: number; txBps: number; measured: boolean } {
   const prevMs = previous ? Date.parse(previous.sampledAt) : NaN
+  if (!previous || ![previous.rxBytes, previous.txBytes, rxBytes, txBytes].every(v => Number.isSafeInteger(v) && v >= 0)) {
+    return { rxBps: 0, txBps: 0, measured: false }
+  }
   const rx = previous ? rateBpsFromDelta(previous.rxBytes, rxBytes, prevMs, nowMs) : null
   const tx = previous ? rateBpsFromDelta(previous.txBytes, txBytes, prevMs, nowMs) : null
   // Stored rates retain the legacy numeric shape; observed totals require both deltas.
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-rate.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-rate.ts
index 32ed81af..1f9c2c58 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/traffic-rate.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-rate.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 /** Чистые формулы трафика: дельты счётчиков, корзины series, monitor-traffic. */
+import { mergeTrafficObservations } from "./traffic-freshness.js"
 
 export const SERIES_POINTS = 60
 
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ export interface TrafficSampleLike {
   txBps: number
   running: boolean
   disabled: boolean
+  countersKnown?: boolean
 }
 
 export interface RatePoint {
@@ -20,7 +22,8 @@ export interface RatePoint {
   txMbps: number
 }
 
-export interface TrafficObservations {rxNow:boolean;txNow:boolean;rxSeries:boolean[];txSeries:boolean[];sampledAt:string|null}
+export interface TrafficObservations {rxNow:boolean;txNow:boolean;rxSeries:boolean[];txSeries:boolean[];sampledAt:string|null;expiresAt?:string|null;
+  currentState?: import("./traffic-freshness.js").TrafficCurrentState;lastAttemptAt?:string|null;lastSucceededAt?:string|null;error?:string|null}
 
 export interface BuiltTrafficSeries {
   observations?:TrafficObservations
@@ -161,7 +164,7 @@ export function buildTrafficFromSamples(
       continue
     }
 
-    const sorted = [...arr].sort((a, b) => a.sampledAt.localeCompare(b.sampledAt))
+    const sorted = [...arr].sort((a, b) => Date.parse(a.sampledAt) - Date.parse(b.sampledAt))
     const last = sorted[sorted.length - 1]
     if (!last) continue
     if (!allowList && (!last.running || last.disabled)) continue
@@ -169,14 +172,6 @@ export function buildTrafficFromSamples(
     includedSeries++
     if (last.running && !last.disabled) sessions += 1
 
-    const first = sorted[0]
-    if (first) {
-      const dRx = last.rxBytes - first.rxBytes
-      const dTx = last.txBytes - first.txBytes
-      rxBytesDelta += dRx >= 0 ? dRx : last.rxBytes
-      txBytesDelta += dTx >= 0 ? dTx : last.txBytes
-    }
-
     for (let i = 1; i < sorted.length; i++) {
       const prev = sorted[i - 1]
       const cur = sorted[i]
@@ -185,8 +180,13 @@ export function buildTrafficFromSamples(
       const t0 = parseIsoMs(prev.sampledAt)
       const t1 = parseIsoMs(cur.sampledAt)
       if(Number.isFinite(Date.parse(cur.sampledAt))&&t1>=rangeStartMs&&t1<=rangeEndMs)lastAttemptAt=Math.max(lastAttemptAt??t1,t1)
-      const rxBps = rateBpsFromDelta(prev.rxBytes, cur.rxBytes, t0, t1)
-      const txBps = rateBpsFromDelta(prev.txBytes, cur.txBytes, t0, t1)
+      const countersKnown = prev.countersKnown !== false && cur.countersKnown !== false
+      const rxBps = countersKnown ? rateBpsFromDelta(prev.rxBytes, cur.rxBytes, t0, t1) : null
+      const txBps = countersKnown ? rateBpsFromDelta(prev.txBytes, cur.txBytes, t0, t1) : null
+      if (t1 >= rangeStartMs && t1 <= rangeEndMs) {
+        if (rxBps !== null) rxBytesDelta += cur.rxBytes - prev.rxBytes
+        if (txBps !== null) txBytesDelta += cur.txBytes - prev.txBytes
+      }
       if (rxBps == null && txBps == null) continue
       const rxMbps = bpsToMbps(rxBps ?? 0)
       const txMbps = bpsToMbps(txBps ?? 0)
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ export function mergeBuiltTraffic(parts: BuiltTrafficSeries[]): BuiltTrafficSeri
   }
   acc.rxTotalGiB = Number(acc.rxTotalGiB.toFixed(1))
   acc.txTotalGiB = Number(acc.txTotalGiB.toFixed(1))
-  return acc
+  return parts.every(p => p.observations) ? { ...acc, observations: mergeTrafficObservations(parts.map(p => p.observations!)) } : acc
 }
 
 export function parseMonitorTraffic(
diff --git a/backend/src/services/traffic-users.ts b/backend/src/services/traffic-users.ts
index 79053d76..8ac48053 100644
--- a/backend/src/services/traffic-users.ts
+++ b/backend/src/services/traffic-users.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,12 @@ import {
   mergeBuiltTraffic,
   type BuiltTrafficSeries,
 } from "./traffic-rate.js"
+import { readTrafficCollectionContext } from "./traffic-collection-state.js"
+import { applyTrafficFreshness } from "./traffic-freshness.js"
+import type { TrafficObservations } from "./traffic-rate.js"
 
 export interface BoundIfaceTrafficDto {
+  observations?: TrafficObservations
   id: string
   bindingId: string
   userId: string
@@ -36,6 +40,7 @@ export interface BoundIfaceTrafficDto {
 }
 
 export interface UserTrafficDto {
+  observations?: TrafficObservations
   id: string
   login: string
   displayName: string
@@ -54,6 +59,7 @@ export interface UserTrafficDto {
 
 function seriesFromBuilt(built: BuiltTrafficSeries) {
   return {
+    observations: built.observations,
     rxNow: built.rxNow,
     txNow: built.txNow,
     rxPeak: built.rxPeak,
@@ -74,6 +80,8 @@ async function serverStatus(serverId: number): Promise<"online" | "offline"> {
 export async function buildUserTrafficList(rangeStartMs: number, rangeEndMs: number): Promise<UserTrafficDto[]> {
   const sinceIso = new Date(rangeStartMs).toISOString()
   const users = await listUsers()
+  const [context, allServers] = await Promise.all([readTrafficCollectionContext(), db.select().from(servers)])
+  const catalog = new Map(allServers.map(s => [s.id, s]))
   const sampleCache = new Map<number, Awaited<ReturnType<typeof readServerSamplesInRange>>>()
 
   return Promise.all(users.map(async (user) => {
@@ -87,7 +95,10 @@ export async function buildUserTrafficList(rangeStartMs: number, rangeEndMs: num
         sampleCache.set(b.serverId, rows)
       }
       const peerKey = b.peerPublicKey ?? ""
-      const built = buildTrafficFromSamples(rows, rangeStartMs, rangeEndMs, b.interfaceName, peerKey)
+      const built = buildTrafficFromSamples(rows, rangeStartMs, rangeEndMs, b.interfaceName, peerKey, true)
+      const server = catalog.get(b.serverId)
+      if (built.observations) built.observations = applyTrafficFreshness(built.observations,
+        server ?? { enabled: false, updatedAt: "" }, context.settings, context.states.get(b.serverId), rangeEndMs)
       parts.push(built)
       const last = [...rows.filter((r) =>
         r.interfaceName === b.interfaceName && (r.peerPublicKey ?? "") === peerKey,
diff --git a/components/reui-kit/traffic-mini-chart.tsx b/components/reui-kit/traffic-mini-chart.tsx
index 4d7568c9..14ee2928 100644
--- a/components/reui-kit/traffic-mini-chart.tsx
+++ b/components/reui-kit/traffic-mini-chart.tsx
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 import { Fragment } from "react"
 
 /** Compact RX/TX history shared by traffic cards. Gaps remain gaps. */
-export function TrafficMiniChart({ rx, tx, height = 44 }: { rx: number[]; tx: number[]; height?: number }) {
-  const valid = (value: number) => Number.isFinite(value) && value >= 0
+export function TrafficMiniChart({ rx, tx, height = 44 }: { rx: (number|null)[]; tx: (number|null)[]; height?: number }) {
+  const valid = (value: number|null): value is number => value !== null && Number.isFinite(value) && value >= 0
   const values = [...rx, ...tx].filter(valid)
   if (!values.length) return <p className="text-xs text-muted-foreground">Нет истории трафика</p>
   const width = 300
   const count = Math.max(rx.length, tx.length)
   const max = Math.max(...values, 1) * 1.1
-  const segments = (series: number[]) => {
+  const segments = (series: (number|null)[]) => {
     const result: Array<Array<{ x: number; y: number }>> = []
     let current: Array<{ x: number; y: number }> = []
     series.forEach((value, index) => {
diff --git a/components/traffic/traffic-observation-status.tsx b/components/traffic/traffic-observation-status.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..aeb646b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/components/traffic/traffic-observation-status.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { Alert, AlertDescription, AlertTitle } from "@/components/reui/alert"
+import type { TrafficObservationMeta } from "@/lib/traffic-observations"
+
+export function TrafficObservationStatus({ observations: o, unknown }: { observations?: TrafficObservationMeta; unknown: boolean }) {
+  const labels = { error: "Ошибка опроса трафика", pending: "Опрос трафика выполняется", stale: "Измерения трафика устарели",
+    disabled: "Опрос трафика отключён", unknown: "Скорость пока не измерена", current: "Скорость пока не измерена" }
+  const warning = unknown || o?.currentState && o.currentState !== "current"
+  return <>
+    {warning && <Alert variant="warning" role="status" className="mb-3">
+      <AlertTitle>{labels[o?.currentState ?? "unknown"]}</AlertTitle>
+      <AlertDescription>{o?.error || "История сохранена. Для текущей скорости нужны достоверные свежие измерения."}</AlertDescription>
+    </Alert>}
+    {o?.lastAttemptAt && <p aria-label="Попытка опроса трафика" className="text-xs text-muted-foreground mb-3">
+      Последняя попытка: <time dateTime={o.lastAttemptAt}>{new Date(o.lastAttemptAt).toLocaleString("ru-RU")}</time>
+      {o.lastSucceededAt && <> · успешный сбор: <time dateTime={o.lastSucceededAt}>{new Date(o.lastSucceededAt).toLocaleString("ru-RU")}</time></>}
+    </p>}
+  </>
+}
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-external-acceptance.md b/docs/ux-ui-external-acceptance.md
index 2c71bb1e..bcfba366 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-external-acceptance.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-external-acceptance.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # UX/UI: протокол внешней приёмки 12.5
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 IPsec78: реальный PSK responder established, mode-config198.18.78.10 и online=true подтверждены API; точные собственные объекты удалены. Сертификатный/DN online, late failure и history restore остаются открытыми. [Отчёт](ux-ui/acceptance/ipsec-mode-config-2026-10-09.json), [журнал](ux-ui-progress.md).
 
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ flowchart LR
 
 ## 12.5.77 — основной блок IPsec (2026-10-09)
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 Подробный объём, протоколы, схема и ограничения: [12.5.77 в журнале](ux-ui-progress.md).
 
@@ -2017,3 +2017,33 @@ Ping ownSQL173 расширен двумя controls: summary53ms900us сохра
 [Live UI1440/320](ux-ui/acceptance/ping-duration-deployed-2026-10-12.json) прошёл: uptime overview200, unknown filter, no overflow/pageerrors. Actual production probes catalog пустой — эта smoke проверка не изображает main compound/error sample; они подтверждены отдельной ownSQL. Новых native Ping/config/password/Telegram операций не выполнялось. Пароли CHR не менялись. Исправления Ping173/176 и traffic174–175 теперь совместно доступны на тестовом backend; UI layout не менялся.
 
 Следующий178 — read-only audit traffic history freshness при failed collection и legacy invalid-counter provenance; не объявлять старые неоднозначные строки исправленными по новому producer guard. Source unconfirmed/missing diagnostics, summary loss/count consistency, scale/multi-backend, физические WAN и внешние интеграции остаются условиями12.5. Журнал/план синхронизированы; локальный коммит без push. Новых блоков до следующего окна не начинать.
+
+## 12.5.178 — достоверная история трафика, ручной сбор и свежесть UI (2026-10-12)
+
+Подтверждены source gaps: исторические deltas могли выдавать старую скорость как текущую после failed collection; manual collect-now игнорировал snapshot failures и публиковал success. Добавлена migration0011/traffic_collection_state (одна актуальная запись на server): pending до HTTP, ok/error после записи, lastAttemptAt/lastSucceededAt и конфигурационный updatedAt fingerprint. Pending/error не стирают successful history. Completion обновляет только свою lastAttemptAt; pending не переписывает более новую попытку. Это ограничивает гонки записей, но не является распределённым lock/полной приёмкой нескольких backend.
+
+Freshness reader read-only: enabled device/source, совпадение config fingerprint, state.ok и exact latest sample/success/attempt, TTL3periods (min5s), future tolerance1period. Error/pending/stale/disabled/config change/unknown маскируют current RX/TX; historical observed masks сохраняются. API серверов, клиентов и привязок получает observations/provenance; interface inventory больше не использует stored-rate fallback и не смешивает WG peer rows с interface counters. Source facts дополнительно учитывают новую attempt barrier, поэтому manual error/pending не оставляет старое traffic alarm активным. Для устройств без новой state пока читается прежняя scheduler provenance; первая новая попытка создаёт authoritative barrier. Не считать этот переход доказательством точности каждого старого snapshot.
+
+В flags зарезервирован bit4 countersKnown, выставляется только новым strict collector. Старые/imported rows не переписаны и не объявлены достоверными; previous wave отбирает known counters. Исторический builder не строит deltas между legacy/unknown counters. Учтённые bytes суммируются по подтверждённым соседним дельтам; reset не добавляет произвольный новый counter как объём. Это lower-bound accounted volume, не утверждение полного покрытия периода. В UI подпись «Учтено RX/TX по замерам»; неизвестные скорости/пики/объёмы — —, chart gaps — null. Genuine measured0 сохраняется. Сортировка держит unknown после measured values. Dashboard existing decoder продолжает использовать masks.
+
+Manual collect-now теперь через runSchedulerJobNow/общую запись результата и execution lock. Busy409; fatal/partial failures502 c failures/succeeded и сохранённым scheduler error; confirmed success200. Scheduler traffic ok=false теперь execution limitation, а genuine0 — success; valid offline/down других collectors не изменены. Ошибка setup больше не оставляет collecting=true навсегда: getSettingsRow находится внутри try/finally. Existing event/journal-unknown semantics сохранены.
+
+Frontend projectTrafficObservations валидирует metadata/метрики, маскирует legacy numeric-only DTO, допускает RX/TX histories разной длины при корректных собственных masks. local10s clock переводит expired DTO в stale без новых сетевых запросов. Видны причина failed collection, последняя попытка и successful collection (не выдаётся за подтверждение measured rate). Offline object не скрывает сохранившуюся историю. ReUI Frame/installed Alert/KpiStatGrid/chart-23 adaptation и theme/base-nova сохранены; новые blocks/vendor components не устанавливались.
+
+| Сценарий | Эталон и схема | Артефакт |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ошибка опроса | Существующая ReUI Alert → current — → сохранённая RX/TX история | [ПК1440](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png), [телефон320](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png), API-fixture |
+| Genuine0 → TTL | Подтверждённая0 → expiry → —, история остаётся | E2E clock/control; без clock-based refetch |
+| Legacy counters | Нет происхождения → unknown → новая baseline → measured delta | Owned SQL/HTTP collector path |
+
+Backend test:traffic-rate прошёл: existing formulas, producer body/in-memory boundaries, strict counter/rate guards, freshness/merge. Frontend projection/dashboard unit tests, traffic flags, scheduler11, application-source TypeScript/backend production build/ESLint passed (unused obsolete ifaceNow helper удалён). Первоначальная freshness unit ошиблась default-param undefined, исправлена на прямой missing-state вызов; backend type adapter учитывает PG Date/string. Scheduler regression assertion разделена: traffic command failure является ошибкой исполнения, не device offline observation.
+
+35 unique E2E eventually passed: initial31=27pass/4fail выявили лишнее требование равной RX/TX длины и положительные fixtures без explicit observations; malformed negative gap fixture заменена правильным null. Delta14=13pass/1fail выявил shorthand-json fixture без metadata; исправлено, delta1 passed. Остальные изменённые positive fixtures21 passed29.5s. Новые4 cases error1440/320/history retained even offline, true0/TTL/no refetch, numeric legacy unknown прошли. Screenshot-only scoped repeats2×2 для видимого warning/history внутри main scroller не считаются новыми сценариями; финальные изображения просмотрены. Existing8 user GRE/VXLAN dirty screenshots не тронуты. Full UI1260/backend24 не повторялись без необходимости.
+
+Owned PG18.6/Node22: test:traffic-rate15709ms,9 counter/source +14 history controls (legacy/first/current/error/old-alarm barrier/users/interfaces/manual failure/success/stale/pending/config/disabled). Real MikrotikClient к loopback HTTP simulator, real SQL + Fastify GET/POST; не physical CHR fault. Common test:alert-engine20075ms:26 source/history SQL/GRE8/actual stability. Второй runner имел старую command label в report; corrected по actual command/harness и asserts before public recording, профиль не подменён повторным traffic run. Own DBs mm_accept_166_1791809970201 иmm_accept_166_1791810266923/ограниченные roles/test containers удалены; отсутствие проверено каталогами/docker. Production secrets не копировались. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json).
+
+[Source448 backend+521 frontend](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json)/[1032 compiled](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json) совпали SHA256. Обе production builds прошли (frontend185s Next phase); frontend ux-history178 staged with old backend ux-rtt177 [interop](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json), затем backend ux-history178/version1.0.0-test.history178. [Runtime](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json) healthy/running/verified imageIds; в.env менялись только tags, rollback ux-rtt177/ux-ping173 без копии секретного env. Migration0011 подтверждена main PG. Новый frontend следует перезагрузить: прежняя вкладка не получает новый truth reader автоматически. Additive storage не гарантирует truthful interpretation старым UI.
+
+[Native read-only](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json): оба CHR194.226.121.150/104.165.244.7, GET identity/interface200, по2 interfaces, counters valid;4 native GET, no routerConfigWrites/password changes/messages. Это не loss/speed/WAN proof. [Live smoke1440/320+3 APIs](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json) подтверждает actual provenance/UI/overflow/pageerrors0; error/legacy branches — отдельно fixtures/ownSQL. Main DB read-only только для native checker; schema migration и штатный scheduler writes были частью deploy.
+
+Следующий179 — inspect/fix live monitor-traffic empty/partial/malformed rates (текущий parseMonitorTraffic заменяет их нулями), per-interface fallback и disabled-after-stream-start polling. Не объявлять этот путь принятым по history guards. Peer collection completeness, long sparse intervals, interface recreation/identity, snapshot after restore, scale/multiple instances и external integrations остаются условиями12.5. Локальный коммит без push.
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-plan.md b/docs/ux-ui-plan.md
index 7b0c5974..67066bf9 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-plan.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-plan.md
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 # План реализации UX/UI по пятичасовым окнам
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 Общий план проекта MikrotikManager. Основан на согласованном плане из задачи; точка продолжения обновлена 2026-10-12. Источник фактического прогресса, проверок и ограничений — [журнал реализации](ux-ui-progress.md). Этот документ задаёт объём и критерии завершения, журнал фиксирует результат.
 
 ## Актуальная точка продолжения — 2026-10-12
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 Этапы0–11 завершены в локальных границах журнала. История выполненных внешних блоков и доказательства сохранены в [журнале](ux-ui-stage-12.md) и [протоколе](ux-ui-external-acceptance.md). Реальная Telegram доставка, Portal SSO, multi-instance и оставшиеся профильные сетевые ограничения открыты.
 
@@ -371,6 +371,6 @@ flowchart LR
 
 ## 12.5.77 — основной блок IPsec (2026-10-09)
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 Подробный объём, протоколы, схема и ограничения: [12.5.77 в журнале](ux-ui-progress.md).
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-progress.md b/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
index 13a7b72f..db41fc4a 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-progress.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # UX/UI: журнал реализации
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 Общий план: [UX/UI по этапам и пятичасовым окнам](ux-ui-plan.md). План задаёт объём, этот журнал фиксирует выполненные блоки и ограничения. Записи расположены от новых к старым; подробная история этапа12 также сохранена в [ux-ui-stage-12.md](ux-ui-stage-12.md).
 
@@ -38,6 +38,36 @@
 | 11Б | Оповещения, сбор данных, интеграции, релизы и настройки | Завершён в границах локальной приёмки 2026-10-03; ограничения и evidence в11Б.7 |
 | 12 | Итоговая доступность, адаптивность, производительность и регрессия | Локальная приёмка завершена в границах12.3.83; внешняя12.5 в работе, выполненные блоки1–168 и ограничения ниже. Runtime backend ux-month149/frontend ux-sessions150. |
 
+## 12.5.178 — достоверная история трафика, ручной сбор и свежесть UI (2026-10-12)
+
+Подтверждены source gaps: исторические deltas могли выдавать старую скорость как текущую после failed collection; manual collect-now игнорировал snapshot failures и публиковал success. Добавлена migration0011/traffic_collection_state (одна актуальная запись на server): pending до HTTP, ok/error после записи, lastAttemptAt/lastSucceededAt и конфигурационный updatedAt fingerprint. Pending/error не стирают successful history. Completion обновляет только свою lastAttemptAt; pending не переписывает более новую попытку. Это ограничивает гонки записей, но не является распределённым lock/полной приёмкой нескольких backend.
+
+Freshness reader read-only: enabled device/source, совпадение config fingerprint, state.ok и exact latest sample/success/attempt, TTL3periods (min5s), future tolerance1period. Error/pending/stale/disabled/config change/unknown маскируют current RX/TX; historical observed masks сохраняются. API серверов, клиентов и привязок получает observations/provenance; interface inventory больше не использует stored-rate fallback и не смешивает WG peer rows с interface counters. Source facts дополнительно учитывают новую attempt barrier, поэтому manual error/pending не оставляет старое traffic alarm активным. Для устройств без новой state пока читается прежняя scheduler provenance; первая новая попытка создаёт authoritative barrier. Не считать этот переход доказательством точности каждого старого snapshot.
+
+В flags зарезервирован bit4 countersKnown, выставляется только новым strict collector. Старые/imported rows не переписаны и не объявлены достоверными; previous wave отбирает known counters. Исторический builder не строит deltas между legacy/unknown counters. Учтённые bytes суммируются по подтверждённым соседним дельтам; reset не добавляет произвольный новый counter как объём. Это lower-bound accounted volume, не утверждение полного покрытия периода. В UI подпись «Учтено RX/TX по замерам»; неизвестные скорости/пики/объёмы — —, chart gaps — null. Genuine measured0 сохраняется. Сортировка держит unknown после measured values. Dashboard existing decoder продолжает использовать masks.
+
+Manual collect-now теперь через runSchedulerJobNow/общую запись результата и execution lock. Busy409; fatal/partial failures502 c failures/succeeded и сохранённым scheduler error; confirmed success200. Scheduler traffic ok=false теперь execution limitation, а genuine0 — success; valid offline/down других collectors не изменены. Ошибка setup больше не оставляет collecting=true навсегда: getSettingsRow находится внутри try/finally. Existing event/journal-unknown semantics сохранены.
+
+Frontend projectTrafficObservations валидирует metadata/метрики, маскирует legacy numeric-only DTO, допускает RX/TX histories разной длины при корректных собственных masks. local10s clock переводит expired DTO в stale без новых сетевых запросов. Видны причина failed collection, последняя попытка и successful collection (не выдаётся за подтверждение measured rate). Offline object не скрывает сохранившуюся историю. ReUI Frame/installed Alert/KpiStatGrid/chart-23 adaptation и theme/base-nova сохранены; новые blocks/vendor components не устанавливались.
+
+| Сценарий | Эталон и схема | Артефакт |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ошибка опроса | Существующая ReUI Alert → current — → сохранённая RX/TX история | [ПК1440](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png), [телефон320](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png), API-fixture |
+| Genuine0 → TTL | Подтверждённая0 → expiry → —, история остаётся | E2E clock/control; без clock-based refetch |
+| Legacy counters | Нет происхождения → unknown → новая baseline → measured delta | Owned SQL/HTTP collector path |
+
+Backend test:traffic-rate прошёл: existing formulas, producer body/in-memory boundaries, strict counter/rate guards, freshness/merge. Frontend projection/dashboard unit tests, traffic flags, scheduler11, application-source TypeScript/backend production build/ESLint passed (unused obsolete ifaceNow helper удалён). Первоначальная freshness unit ошиблась default-param undefined, исправлена на прямой missing-state вызов; backend type adapter учитывает PG Date/string. Scheduler regression assertion разделена: traffic command failure является ошибкой исполнения, не device offline observation.
+
+35 unique E2E eventually passed: initial31=27pass/4fail выявили лишнее требование равной RX/TX длины и положительные fixtures без explicit observations; malformed negative gap fixture заменена правильным null. Delta14=13pass/1fail выявил shorthand-json fixture без metadata; исправлено, delta1 passed. Остальные изменённые positive fixtures21 passed29.5s. Новые4 cases error1440/320/history retained even offline, true0/TTL/no refetch, numeric legacy unknown прошли. Screenshot-only scoped repeats2×2 для видимого warning/history внутри main scroller не считаются новыми сценариями; финальные изображения просмотрены. Existing8 user GRE/VXLAN dirty screenshots не тронуты. Full UI1260/backend24 не повторялись без необходимости.
+
+Owned PG18.6/Node22: test:traffic-rate15709ms,9 counter/source +14 history controls (legacy/first/current/error/old-alarm barrier/users/interfaces/manual failure/success/stale/pending/config/disabled). Real MikrotikClient к loopback HTTP simulator, real SQL + Fastify GET/POST; не physical CHR fault. Common test:alert-engine20075ms:26 source/history SQL/GRE8/actual stability. Второй runner имел старую command label в report; corrected по actual command/harness и asserts before public recording, профиль не подменён повторным traffic run. Own DBs mm_accept_166_1791809970201 иmm_accept_166_1791810266923/ограниченные roles/test containers удалены; отсутствие проверено каталогами/docker. Production secrets не копировались. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json).
+
+[Source448 backend+521 frontend](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json)/[1032 compiled](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json) совпали SHA256. Обе production builds прошли (frontend185s Next phase); frontend ux-history178 staged with old backend ux-rtt177 [interop](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json), затем backend ux-history178/version1.0.0-test.history178. [Runtime](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json) healthy/running/verified imageIds; в.env менялись только tags, rollback ux-rtt177/ux-ping173 без копии секретного env. Migration0011 подтверждена main PG. Новый frontend следует перезагрузить: прежняя вкладка не получает новый truth reader автоматически. Additive storage не гарантирует truthful interpretation старым UI.
+
+[Native read-only](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json): оба CHR194.226.121.150/104.165.244.7, GET identity/interface200, по2 interfaces, counters valid;4 native GET, no routerConfigWrites/password changes/messages. Это не loss/speed/WAN proof. [Live smoke1440/320+3 APIs](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json) подтверждает actual provenance/UI/overflow/pageerrors0; error/legacy branches — отдельно fixtures/ownSQL. Main DB read-only только для native checker; schema migration и штатный scheduler writes были частью deploy.
+
+Следующий179 — inspect/fix live monitor-traffic empty/partial/malformed rates (текущий parseMonitorTraffic заменяет их нулями), per-interface fallback и disabled-after-stream-start polling. Не объявлять этот путь принятым по history guards. Peer collection completeness, long sparse intervals, interface recreation/identity, snapshot after restore, scale/multiple instances и external integrations остаются условиями12.5. Локальный коммит без push.
+
 ## 12.5.177 — SQL-регрессия составного RTT и обновление стенда (2026-10-12)
 
 Ping ownSQL173 расширен двумя controls: summary53ms900us сохраняется как RTT54ms/loss0; raw53bad без подтверждённых counts/loss сохраняется как unknown/null/error. Остальные8 controls сохранены:401/empty/manual/actual100%/zero/API/legacy exact provenance/disabled no outbound. Node22/PG18.6 полный test:probes прошёл24383ms,10 SQL cases без skip. Тесты используют настоящий MikrotikClient к локальному HTTP simulator и действующий collector/PG observations; физический RouterOS malformed response не создавался. Native replay2 выполнен локально176; в удалённом test image evidence file отсутствует и replay явно skipped, не выдан за повторную physical проверку. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/ping-duration-sql-2026-10-12.json).
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-remaining-acceptance.md b/docs/ux-ui-remaining-acceptance.md
index 2628ea73..c8a38b11 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-remaining-acceptance.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-remaining-acceptance.md
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Оставшаяся внешняя приёмка — 2026-10-12
 
-Это актуальная матрица после 12.5.177. Исторические записи сохраняют версии и ограничения на момент выполнения; поздние проверки ниже уточняют их. Этап 12.5 открыт. Успех в двух CHR и одном backend не означает приёмку всех конфигураций, интеграций или полной регрессии.
+Это актуальная матрица после 12.5.178. Исторические записи сохраняют версии и ограничения на момент выполнения; поздние проверки ниже уточняют их. Этап 12.5 открыт. Успех в двух CHR и одном backend не означает приёмку всех конфигураций, интеграций или полной регрессии.
 
-Стенд: Debian13/Compose, PostgreSQL18.6, два CHR RouterOS7.24.5. Backend `ux-rtt177`, frontend `ux-ping173`; production lab использует AUTH_REQUIRED=false. Подписанные JWT/RBAC проверялись в изолированных процессах. Все собственные объекты112 удалены, исходные13 коллекций×2 (включая logging/certificates/files/routes) проверены; пароли не менялись.
+Стенд: Debian13/Compose, PostgreSQL18.6, два CHR RouterOS7.24.5. Backend `ux-history178`, frontend `ux-history178`; production lab использует AUTH_REQUIRED=false. Подписанные JWT/RBAC проверялись в изолированных процессах. Все собственные объекты112 удалены, исходные13 коллекций×2 (включая logging/certificates/files/routes) проверены; пароли не менялись.
 
 | Раздел | Подтверждено | Осталось / условие завершения |
 | --- | --- | --- |
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 | Recursive routes | Production PUT/change/own history restore88, disabled guards, partial/unknown/applied outcomes, live формы/контекст | Автоматический rollback/retry, durable receipts и несколько экземпляров отсутствуют; PUT не является idempotent noop. Полная произвольная legacy catalog миграция не принята |
 | Diagnostics/terminal | Allowlist/native reads, Ping/trace/route/MTU/DNS, actual avg-rtt, disabled guards, JWT/live PC/mobile89; real default memory tail/log limits/API/UI133 | DNS использует backend resolver; MTU — ограниченная оценка, не гарантированный максимум. Stop ожидания не доказывает остановку RouterOS команды; arbitrary CLI и physical disconnect не приняты |
 | Portal/интеграции | Локальные и isolated JWT guards; UI/API error states в границах журналов | Настоящий Portal issuer/login/отзыв прав; RIPE SDK two-IP/no-fetch passed140, native IPv6 ULA flow pipeline passed145 (IPv4 transport), public IPv6 WAN/local licensed MaxMind/S3/container/certificate jobs и Gitea delivery требуют отдельных тестовых endpoints/аккаунтов. Не отправлять сообщения и не публиковать релиз без соответствующего поручения |
-| Общая приёмка | Локальная12.3.83; UI1244/context221/compiled984 parity139; профильные build/E2E/live проверки последующих блоков | Traffic initial live mock-id gate passed141; IPv6 special ranges/cache passed142; unknown RIPE coordinates passed143; IPv6 synthetic UDP/worker/SQL passed144; native CHR ULA/IPFIX/API/UI passed145; ICMPv6/IPv6 endpoint labels passed146; HTTP DTO validation passed147; scoped flow catalog/serverId guards passed148; strict monthly calendar passed149; Sessions labels passed150; application GRE static IPv6 lifecycle151 passed; WireGuard static IPv6 lifecycle152 и disabled SQL/API gates passed; OSPF/BFD boundary/warning153 passed; OSPFv3 routes154 accepted in recorded bounds; BGP IPv6 basic155 passed; bigint ID/SQL guards156 passed; общая UI1260/context221/backend24 regression157 passed; IPv6 BFD correlation158 profile/deployed passed; native OSPFv3/BFDv6 boundary/recovery159 passed; BGP IPv6/BFD withdrawal/recovery160 passed; selected BGP/alert unknown guards161 replay/profiles/deployed passed (SQL stability skipped); private4-byte ASN162 native/API/UI passed; duplicate BGP alert keys163 replay/profiles/deployed passed; nullable selected BGP164 replay/profiles/API/UI passed; collector165 parallel/current guards/read-only PG passed; positive partial/error SQL166/full24 with PG passed (optional network SQL not repeated); GRE/BGP freshness167/SQL8 passed; other source audit168 выявил identity/disabled/freshness gaps; локальный server/traffic identity guard169 passed без SQL/deploy, source/per-probe/freshness170/ownSQL16/compiled1008/deployed passed; source diagnostics171/42E2E/ownSQL metadata/live2 passed; monitoring history172/ownSQL26/compiled1020/deployed passed; Ping known/error173/ownHTTP-SQL8/85uniqueE2E/native4/4/deployed passed; traffic confidence174 baseline reproduced/local guard passed; owned SQL9/9358ms/deploy175/1024compiled/live smoke passed; legacy history/provenance open; compound RTT176 local/native replay2 passed, SQL10/deploy177/1024compiled/live smoke passed; traffic history178 audit next; последующие изменения проверять отдельно; scoped axe не означает полную WCAG сертификацию |
+| Общая приёмка | Локальная12.3.83; UI1244/context221/compiled984 parity139; профильные build/E2E/live проверки последующих блоков | Traffic initial live mock-id gate passed141; IPv6 special ranges/cache passed142; unknown RIPE coordinates passed143; IPv6 synthetic UDP/worker/SQL passed144; native CHR ULA/IPFIX/API/UI passed145; ICMPv6/IPv6 endpoint labels passed146; HTTP DTO validation passed147; scoped flow catalog/serverId guards passed148; strict monthly calendar passed149; Sessions labels passed150; application GRE static IPv6 lifecycle151 passed; WireGuard static IPv6 lifecycle152 и disabled SQL/API gates passed; OSPF/BFD boundary/warning153 passed; OSPFv3 routes154 accepted in recorded bounds; BGP IPv6 basic155 passed; bigint ID/SQL guards156 passed; общая UI1260/context221/backend24 regression157 passed; IPv6 BFD correlation158 profile/deployed passed; native OSPFv3/BFDv6 boundary/recovery159 passed; BGP IPv6/BFD withdrawal/recovery160 passed; selected BGP/alert unknown guards161 replay/profiles/deployed passed (SQL stability skipped); private4-byte ASN162 native/API/UI passed; duplicate BGP alert keys163 replay/profiles/deployed passed; nullable selected BGP164 replay/profiles/API/UI passed; collector165 parallel/current guards/read-only PG passed; positive partial/error SQL166/full24 with PG passed (optional network SQL not repeated); GRE/BGP freshness167/SQL8 passed; other source audit168 выявил identity/disabled/freshness gaps; локальный server/traffic identity guard169 passed без SQL/deploy, source/per-probe/freshness170/ownSQL16/compiled1008/deployed passed; source diagnostics171/42E2E/ownSQL metadata/live2 passed; monitoring history172/ownSQL26/compiled1020/deployed passed; Ping known/error173/ownHTTP-SQL8/85uniqueE2E/native4/4/deployed passed; traffic confidence174 baseline reproduced/local guard passed; owned SQL9/9358ms/deploy175/1024compiled/live smoke passed; legacy history/provenance open; compound RTT176 local/native replay2 passed, SQL10/deploy177/1024compiled/live smoke passed; history178/legacy provenance/current TTL/manual truth/SQL9+14/35unique E2E/native GET/deployed passed; live incomplete/disable-stream179 next; последующие изменения проверять отдельно; scoped axe не означает полную WCAG сертификацию |
 
 Доказательства и точные ограничения: [полная история этапа12](ux-ui-stage-12.md), [внешний протокол](ux-ui-external-acceptance.md), [BGP93](ux-ui/acceptance/bgp-failover-2026-10-10.json), [паспорт стенда](ux-ui-test-server.md). Невыполненные пункты не являются все блокерами данного лабораторного сценария: для выпуска необходимо явно определить требуемые конфигурации и принять их либо согласовать ограничение.
 
@@ -932,3 +932,33 @@ Ping ownSQL173 расширен двумя controls: summary53ms900us сохра
 [Live UI1440/320](ux-ui/acceptance/ping-duration-deployed-2026-10-12.json) прошёл: uptime overview200, unknown filter, no overflow/pageerrors. Actual production probes catalog пустой — эта smoke проверка не изображает main compound/error sample; они подтверждены отдельной ownSQL. Новых native Ping/config/password/Telegram операций не выполнялось. Пароли CHR не менялись. Исправления Ping173/176 и traffic174–175 теперь совместно доступны на тестовом backend; UI layout не менялся.
 
 Следующий178 — read-only audit traffic history freshness при failed collection и legacy invalid-counter provenance; не объявлять старые неоднозначные строки исправленными по новому producer guard. Source unconfirmed/missing diagnostics, summary loss/count consistency, scale/multi-backend, физические WAN и внешние интеграции остаются условиями12.5. Журнал/план синхронизированы; локальный коммит без push. Новых блоков до следующего окна не начинать.
+
+## 12.5.178 — достоверная история трафика, ручной сбор и свежесть UI (2026-10-12)
+
+Подтверждены source gaps: исторические deltas могли выдавать старую скорость как текущую после failed collection; manual collect-now игнорировал snapshot failures и публиковал success. Добавлена migration0011/traffic_collection_state (одна актуальная запись на server): pending до HTTP, ok/error после записи, lastAttemptAt/lastSucceededAt и конфигурационный updatedAt fingerprint. Pending/error не стирают successful history. Completion обновляет только свою lastAttemptAt; pending не переписывает более новую попытку. Это ограничивает гонки записей, но не является распределённым lock/полной приёмкой нескольких backend.
+
+Freshness reader read-only: enabled device/source, совпадение config fingerprint, state.ok и exact latest sample/success/attempt, TTL3periods (min5s), future tolerance1period. Error/pending/stale/disabled/config change/unknown маскируют current RX/TX; historical observed masks сохраняются. API серверов, клиентов и привязок получает observations/provenance; interface inventory больше не использует stored-rate fallback и не смешивает WG peer rows с interface counters. Source facts дополнительно учитывают новую attempt barrier, поэтому manual error/pending не оставляет старое traffic alarm активным. Для устройств без новой state пока читается прежняя scheduler provenance; первая новая попытка создаёт authoritative barrier. Не считать этот переход доказательством точности каждого старого snapshot.
+
+В flags зарезервирован bit4 countersKnown, выставляется только новым strict collector. Старые/imported rows не переписаны и не объявлены достоверными; previous wave отбирает known counters. Исторический builder не строит deltas между legacy/unknown counters. Учтённые bytes суммируются по подтверждённым соседним дельтам; reset не добавляет произвольный новый counter как объём. Это lower-bound accounted volume, не утверждение полного покрытия периода. В UI подпись «Учтено RX/TX по замерам»; неизвестные скорости/пики/объёмы — —, chart gaps — null. Genuine measured0 сохраняется. Сортировка держит unknown после measured values. Dashboard existing decoder продолжает использовать masks.
+
+Manual collect-now теперь через runSchedulerJobNow/общую запись результата и execution lock. Busy409; fatal/partial failures502 c failures/succeeded и сохранённым scheduler error; confirmed success200. Scheduler traffic ok=false теперь execution limitation, а genuine0 — success; valid offline/down других collectors не изменены. Ошибка setup больше не оставляет collecting=true навсегда: getSettingsRow находится внутри try/finally. Existing event/journal-unknown semantics сохранены.
+
+Frontend projectTrafficObservations валидирует metadata/метрики, маскирует legacy numeric-only DTO, допускает RX/TX histories разной длины при корректных собственных masks. local10s clock переводит expired DTO в stale без новых сетевых запросов. Видны причина failed collection, последняя попытка и successful collection (не выдаётся за подтверждение measured rate). Offline object не скрывает сохранившуюся историю. ReUI Frame/installed Alert/KpiStatGrid/chart-23 adaptation и theme/base-nova сохранены; новые blocks/vendor components не устанавливались.
+
+| Сценарий | Эталон и схема | Артефакт |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ошибка опроса | Существующая ReUI Alert → current — → сохранённая RX/TX история | [ПК1440](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png), [телефон320](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png), API-fixture |
+| Genuine0 → TTL | Подтверждённая0 → expiry → —, история остаётся | E2E clock/control; без clock-based refetch |
+| Legacy counters | Нет происхождения → unknown → новая baseline → measured delta | Owned SQL/HTTP collector path |
+
+Backend test:traffic-rate прошёл: existing formulas, producer body/in-memory boundaries, strict counter/rate guards, freshness/merge. Frontend projection/dashboard unit tests, traffic flags, scheduler11, application-source TypeScript/backend production build/ESLint passed (unused obsolete ifaceNow helper удалён). Первоначальная freshness unit ошиблась default-param undefined, исправлена на прямой missing-state вызов; backend type adapter учитывает PG Date/string. Scheduler regression assertion разделена: traffic command failure является ошибкой исполнения, не device offline observation.
+
+35 unique E2E eventually passed: initial31=27pass/4fail выявили лишнее требование равной RX/TX длины и положительные fixtures без explicit observations; malformed negative gap fixture заменена правильным null. Delta14=13pass/1fail выявил shorthand-json fixture без metadata; исправлено, delta1 passed. Остальные изменённые positive fixtures21 passed29.5s. Новые4 cases error1440/320/history retained even offline, true0/TTL/no refetch, numeric legacy unknown прошли. Screenshot-only scoped repeats2×2 для видимого warning/history внутри main scroller не считаются новыми сценариями; финальные изображения просмотрены. Existing8 user GRE/VXLAN dirty screenshots не тронуты. Full UI1260/backend24 не повторялись без необходимости.
+
+Owned PG18.6/Node22: test:traffic-rate15709ms,9 counter/source +14 history controls (legacy/first/current/error/old-alarm barrier/users/interfaces/manual failure/success/stale/pending/config/disabled). Real MikrotikClient к loopback HTTP simulator, real SQL + Fastify GET/POST; не physical CHR fault. Common test:alert-engine20075ms:26 source/history SQL/GRE8/actual stability. Второй runner имел старую command label в report; corrected по actual command/harness и asserts before public recording, профиль не подменён повторным traffic run. Own DBs mm_accept_166_1791809970201 иmm_accept_166_1791810266923/ограниченные roles/test containers удалены; отсутствие проверено каталогами/docker. Production secrets не копировались. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json).
+
+[Source448 backend+521 frontend](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json)/[1032 compiled](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json) совпали SHA256. Обе production builds прошли (frontend185s Next phase); frontend ux-history178 staged with old backend ux-rtt177 [interop](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json), затем backend ux-history178/version1.0.0-test.history178. [Runtime](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json) healthy/running/verified imageIds; в.env менялись только tags, rollback ux-rtt177/ux-ping173 без копии секретного env. Migration0011 подтверждена main PG. Новый frontend следует перезагрузить: прежняя вкладка не получает новый truth reader автоматически. Additive storage не гарантирует truthful interpretation старым UI.
+
+[Native read-only](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json): оба CHR194.226.121.150/104.165.244.7, GET identity/interface200, по2 interfaces, counters valid;4 native GET, no routerConfigWrites/password changes/messages. Это не loss/speed/WAN proof. [Live smoke1440/320+3 APIs](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json) подтверждает actual provenance/UI/overflow/pageerrors0; error/legacy branches — отдельно fixtures/ownSQL. Main DB read-only только для native checker; schema migration и штатный scheduler writes были частью deploy.
+
+Следующий179 — inspect/fix live monitor-traffic empty/partial/malformed rates (текущий parseMonitorTraffic заменяет их нулями), per-interface fallback и disabled-after-stream-start polling. Не объявлять этот путь принятым по history guards. Peer collection completeness, long sparse intervals, interface recreation/identity, snapshot after restore, scale/multiple instances и external integrations остаются условиями12.5. Локальный коммит без push.
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-stage-12.md b/docs/ux-ui-stage-12.md
index 4a286f68..1c1007d1 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-stage-12.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-stage-12.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Этап 12: итоговая приёмка UX/UI
 
-Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Актуальное продолжение 2026-10-12: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 План: [ux-ui-plan.md](ux-ui-plan.md). Фактические результаты: [ux-ui-progress.md](ux-ui-progress.md). Подготовлен после сводных проверок 11Б; завершение каждого блока требует локального коммита без push.
 
@@ -3322,3 +3322,33 @@ Ping ownSQL173 расширен двумя controls: summary53ms900us сохра
 [Live UI1440/320](ux-ui/acceptance/ping-duration-deployed-2026-10-12.json) прошёл: uptime overview200, unknown filter, no overflow/pageerrors. Actual production probes catalog пустой — эта smoke проверка не изображает main compound/error sample; они подтверждены отдельной ownSQL. Новых native Ping/config/password/Telegram операций не выполнялось. Пароли CHR не менялись. Исправления Ping173/176 и traffic174–175 теперь совместно доступны на тестовом backend; UI layout не менялся.
 
 Следующий178 — read-only audit traffic history freshness при failed collection и legacy invalid-counter provenance; не объявлять старые неоднозначные строки исправленными по новому producer guard. Source unconfirmed/missing diagnostics, summary loss/count consistency, scale/multi-backend, физические WAN и внешние интеграции остаются условиями12.5. Журнал/план синхронизированы; локальный коммит без push. Новых блоков до следующего окна не начинать.
+
+## 12.5.178 — достоверная история трафика, ручной сбор и свежесть UI (2026-10-12)
+
+Подтверждены source gaps: исторические deltas могли выдавать старую скорость как текущую после failed collection; manual collect-now игнорировал snapshot failures и публиковал success. Добавлена migration0011/traffic_collection_state (одна актуальная запись на server): pending до HTTP, ok/error после записи, lastAttemptAt/lastSucceededAt и конфигурационный updatedAt fingerprint. Pending/error не стирают successful history. Completion обновляет только свою lastAttemptAt; pending не переписывает более новую попытку. Это ограничивает гонки записей, но не является распределённым lock/полной приёмкой нескольких backend.
+
+Freshness reader read-only: enabled device/source, совпадение config fingerprint, state.ok и exact latest sample/success/attempt, TTL3periods (min5s), future tolerance1period. Error/pending/stale/disabled/config change/unknown маскируют current RX/TX; historical observed masks сохраняются. API серверов, клиентов и привязок получает observations/provenance; interface inventory больше не использует stored-rate fallback и не смешивает WG peer rows с interface counters. Source facts дополнительно учитывают новую attempt barrier, поэтому manual error/pending не оставляет старое traffic alarm активным. Для устройств без новой state пока читается прежняя scheduler provenance; первая новая попытка создаёт authoritative barrier. Не считать этот переход доказательством точности каждого старого snapshot.
+
+В flags зарезервирован bit4 countersKnown, выставляется только новым strict collector. Старые/imported rows не переписаны и не объявлены достоверными; previous wave отбирает known counters. Исторический builder не строит deltas между legacy/unknown counters. Учтённые bytes суммируются по подтверждённым соседним дельтам; reset не добавляет произвольный новый counter как объём. Это lower-bound accounted volume, не утверждение полного покрытия периода. В UI подпись «Учтено RX/TX по замерам»; неизвестные скорости/пики/объёмы — —, chart gaps — null. Genuine measured0 сохраняется. Сортировка держит unknown после measured values. Dashboard existing decoder продолжает использовать masks.
+
+Manual collect-now теперь через runSchedulerJobNow/общую запись результата и execution lock. Busy409; fatal/partial failures502 c failures/succeeded и сохранённым scheduler error; confirmed success200. Scheduler traffic ok=false теперь execution limitation, а genuine0 — success; valid offline/down других collectors не изменены. Ошибка setup больше не оставляет collecting=true навсегда: getSettingsRow находится внутри try/finally. Existing event/journal-unknown semantics сохранены.
+
+Frontend projectTrafficObservations валидирует metadata/метрики, маскирует legacy numeric-only DTO, допускает RX/TX histories разной длины при корректных собственных masks. local10s clock переводит expired DTO в stale без новых сетевых запросов. Видны причина failed collection, последняя попытка и successful collection (не выдаётся за подтверждение measured rate). Offline object не скрывает сохранившуюся историю. ReUI Frame/installed Alert/KpiStatGrid/chart-23 adaptation и theme/base-nova сохранены; новые blocks/vendor components не устанавливались.
+
+| Сценарий | Эталон и схема | Артефакт |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ошибка опроса | Существующая ReUI Alert → current — → сохранённая RX/TX история | [ПК1440](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png), [телефон320](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png), API-fixture |
+| Genuine0 → TTL | Подтверждённая0 → expiry → —, история остаётся | E2E clock/control; без clock-based refetch |
+| Legacy counters | Нет происхождения → unknown → новая baseline → measured delta | Owned SQL/HTTP collector path |
+
+Backend test:traffic-rate прошёл: existing formulas, producer body/in-memory boundaries, strict counter/rate guards, freshness/merge. Frontend projection/dashboard unit tests, traffic flags, scheduler11, application-source TypeScript/backend production build/ESLint passed (unused obsolete ifaceNow helper удалён). Первоначальная freshness unit ошиблась default-param undefined, исправлена на прямой missing-state вызов; backend type adapter учитывает PG Date/string. Scheduler regression assertion разделена: traffic command failure является ошибкой исполнения, не device offline observation.
+
+35 unique E2E eventually passed: initial31=27pass/4fail выявили лишнее требование равной RX/TX длины и положительные fixtures без explicit observations; malformed negative gap fixture заменена правильным null. Delta14=13pass/1fail выявил shorthand-json fixture без metadata; исправлено, delta1 passed. Остальные изменённые positive fixtures21 passed29.5s. Новые4 cases error1440/320/history retained even offline, true0/TTL/no refetch, numeric legacy unknown прошли. Screenshot-only scoped repeats2×2 для видимого warning/history внутри main scroller не считаются новыми сценариями; финальные изображения просмотрены. Existing8 user GRE/VXLAN dirty screenshots не тронуты. Full UI1260/backend24 не повторялись без необходимости.
+
+Owned PG18.6/Node22: test:traffic-rate15709ms,9 counter/source +14 history controls (legacy/first/current/error/old-alarm barrier/users/interfaces/manual failure/success/stale/pending/config/disabled). Real MikrotikClient к loopback HTTP simulator, real SQL + Fastify GET/POST; не physical CHR fault. Common test:alert-engine20075ms:26 source/history SQL/GRE8/actual stability. Второй runner имел старую command label в report; corrected по actual command/harness и asserts before public recording, профиль не подменён повторным traffic run. Own DBs mm_accept_166_1791809970201 иmm_accept_166_1791810266923/ограниченные roles/test containers удалены; отсутствие проверено каталогами/docker. Production secrets не копировались. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json).
+
+[Source448 backend+521 frontend](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json)/[1032 compiled](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json) совпали SHA256. Обе production builds прошли (frontend185s Next phase); frontend ux-history178 staged with old backend ux-rtt177 [interop](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json), затем backend ux-history178/version1.0.0-test.history178. [Runtime](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json) healthy/running/verified imageIds; в.env менялись только tags, rollback ux-rtt177/ux-ping173 без копии секретного env. Migration0011 подтверждена main PG. Новый frontend следует перезагрузить: прежняя вкладка не получает новый truth reader автоматически. Additive storage не гарантирует truthful interpretation старым UI.
+
+[Native read-only](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json): оба CHR194.226.121.150/104.165.244.7, GET identity/interface200, по2 interfaces, counters valid;4 native GET, no routerConfigWrites/password changes/messages. Это не loss/speed/WAN proof. [Live smoke1440/320+3 APIs](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json) подтверждает actual provenance/UI/overflow/pageerrors0; error/legacy branches — отдельно fixtures/ownSQL. Main DB read-only только для native checker; schema migration и штатный scheduler writes были частью deploy.
+
+Следующий179 — inspect/fix live monitor-traffic empty/partial/malformed rates (текущий parseMonitorTraffic заменяет их нулями), per-interface fallback и disabled-after-stream-start polling. Не объявлять этот путь принятым по history guards. Peer collection completeness, long sparse intervals, interface recreation/identity, snapshot after restore, scale/multiple instances и external integrations остаются условиями12.5. Локальный коммит без push.
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui-test-server.md b/docs/ux-ui-test-server.md
index 2d3e1267..1a9e2d36 100644
--- a/docs/ux-ui-test-server.md
+++ b/docs/ux-ui-test-server.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Тестовый сервер UX/UI — 2026-10-10
 
-Сервер161.104.46.222: завершён12.5.177 — parser176 проверен real HTTP client→owned PG→GET observations:10 SQL cases/test:probes24383ms, compound54/garbage unknown; ownDB/role/container удалены. Backend ux-rtt177 healthy/frontend ux-ping173,1024 compiled parity/2live UI passed. Следующий178 — аудит failed traffic attempts/history freshness и legacy counters;12.5 открыта.
+Сервер161.104.46.222: завершён12.5.178 — traffic history/current freshness и legacy counter provenance, manual truth/journal, masks/TTL UI серверов/клиентов/привязок. OwnSQL9+14/15709ms иsource26+GRE8/20075ms,35 unique E2E eventually passed,build/types/ESLint/1032compiled parity. Both ux-history178 healthy/running, migration0011 applied/2native CHR GET/live UI2 passed; ownDBs/roles/containers removed. Следующий179 — live monitor-traffic complete payload и disable-after-stream-start guard;12.5 открыта.
 
 | Параметр | Проверенное состояние |
 | --- | --- |
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 | PostgreSQL | postgres:18-alpine,18.6;mmapp-test-postgres healthy;SELECT version() passed |
 | Данные | Отдельный Compose project mmapp-test,том mmapp-test_mmapp-pgdata и каталог ./data |
 | Доступ | PostgreSQL не публикуется;frontend3000/backend8000 привязаны к127.0.0.1 после запуска |
-| Образы приложения | mmapp-test/backend:ux-rtt177 и mmapp-test/frontend:ux-ping173; запущены |
+| Образы приложения | mmapp-test/backend:ux-history178 и mmapp-test/frontend:ux-history178; запущены |
 
 Compose SHA256:3052bd6ab5d9865f97605cebfb5ff27a4410cd3357b81153a65a87fb7c92582f. OptionalBACKEND_IMAGE_TAG позволяетобновлятьbackendотдельно. Локальный и удалённый файлы совпали. Шаблоны: [Compose](../deploy/docker-compose.test.yml), [env без секретов](../deploy/env.test.example).
 
@@ -1748,3 +1748,33 @@ Ping ownSQL173 расширен двумя controls: summary53ms900us сохра
 [Live UI1440/320](ux-ui/acceptance/ping-duration-deployed-2026-10-12.json) прошёл: uptime overview200, unknown filter, no overflow/pageerrors. Actual production probes catalog пустой — эта smoke проверка не изображает main compound/error sample; они подтверждены отдельной ownSQL. Новых native Ping/config/password/Telegram операций не выполнялось. Пароли CHR не менялись. Исправления Ping173/176 и traffic174–175 теперь совместно доступны на тестовом backend; UI layout не менялся.
 
 Следующий178 — read-only audit traffic history freshness при failed collection и legacy invalid-counter provenance; не объявлять старые неоднозначные строки исправленными по новому producer guard. Source unconfirmed/missing diagnostics, summary loss/count consistency, scale/multi-backend, физические WAN и внешние интеграции остаются условиями12.5. Журнал/план синхронизированы; локальный коммит без push. Новых блоков до следующего окна не начинать.
+
+## 12.5.178 — достоверная история трафика, ручной сбор и свежесть UI (2026-10-12)
+
+Подтверждены source gaps: исторические deltas могли выдавать старую скорость как текущую после failed collection; manual collect-now игнорировал snapshot failures и публиковал success. Добавлена migration0011/traffic_collection_state (одна актуальная запись на server): pending до HTTP, ok/error после записи, lastAttemptAt/lastSucceededAt и конфигурационный updatedAt fingerprint. Pending/error не стирают successful history. Completion обновляет только свою lastAttemptAt; pending не переписывает более новую попытку. Это ограничивает гонки записей, но не является распределённым lock/полной приёмкой нескольких backend.
+
+Freshness reader read-only: enabled device/source, совпадение config fingerprint, state.ok и exact latest sample/success/attempt, TTL3periods (min5s), future tolerance1period. Error/pending/stale/disabled/config change/unknown маскируют current RX/TX; historical observed masks сохраняются. API серверов, клиентов и привязок получает observations/provenance; interface inventory больше не использует stored-rate fallback и не смешивает WG peer rows с interface counters. Source facts дополнительно учитывают новую attempt barrier, поэтому manual error/pending не оставляет старое traffic alarm активным. Для устройств без новой state пока читается прежняя scheduler provenance; первая новая попытка создаёт authoritative barrier. Не считать этот переход доказательством точности каждого старого snapshot.
+
+В flags зарезервирован bit4 countersKnown, выставляется только новым strict collector. Старые/imported rows не переписаны и не объявлены достоверными; previous wave отбирает known counters. Исторический builder не строит deltas между legacy/unknown counters. Учтённые bytes суммируются по подтверждённым соседним дельтам; reset не добавляет произвольный новый counter как объём. Это lower-bound accounted volume, не утверждение полного покрытия периода. В UI подпись «Учтено RX/TX по замерам»; неизвестные скорости/пики/объёмы — —, chart gaps — null. Genuine measured0 сохраняется. Сортировка держит unknown после measured values. Dashboard existing decoder продолжает использовать masks.
+
+Manual collect-now теперь через runSchedulerJobNow/общую запись результата и execution lock. Busy409; fatal/partial failures502 c failures/succeeded и сохранённым scheduler error; confirmed success200. Scheduler traffic ok=false теперь execution limitation, а genuine0 — success; valid offline/down других collectors не изменены. Ошибка setup больше не оставляет collecting=true навсегда: getSettingsRow находится внутри try/finally. Existing event/journal-unknown semantics сохранены.
+
+Frontend projectTrafficObservations валидирует metadata/метрики, маскирует legacy numeric-only DTO, допускает RX/TX histories разной длины при корректных собственных masks. local10s clock переводит expired DTO в stale без новых сетевых запросов. Видны причина failed collection, последняя попытка и successful collection (не выдаётся за подтверждение measured rate). Offline object не скрывает сохранившуюся историю. ReUI Frame/installed Alert/KpiStatGrid/chart-23 adaptation и theme/base-nova сохранены; новые blocks/vendor components не устанавливались.
+
+| Сценарий | Эталон и схема | Артефакт |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Ошибка опроса | Существующая ReUI Alert → current — → сохранённая RX/TX история | [ПК1440](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png), [телефон320](ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png), API-fixture |
+| Genuine0 → TTL | Подтверждённая0 → expiry → —, история остаётся | E2E clock/control; без clock-based refetch |
+| Legacy counters | Нет происхождения → unknown → новая baseline → measured delta | Owned SQL/HTTP collector path |
+
+Backend test:traffic-rate прошёл: existing formulas, producer body/in-memory boundaries, strict counter/rate guards, freshness/merge. Frontend projection/dashboard unit tests, traffic flags, scheduler11, application-source TypeScript/backend production build/ESLint passed (unused obsolete ifaceNow helper удалён). Первоначальная freshness unit ошиблась default-param undefined, исправлена на прямой missing-state вызов; backend type adapter учитывает PG Date/string. Scheduler regression assertion разделена: traffic command failure является ошибкой исполнения, не device offline observation.
+
+35 unique E2E eventually passed: initial31=27pass/4fail выявили лишнее требование равной RX/TX длины и положительные fixtures без explicit observations; malformed negative gap fixture заменена правильным null. Delta14=13pass/1fail выявил shorthand-json fixture без metadata; исправлено, delta1 passed. Остальные изменённые positive fixtures21 passed29.5s. Новые4 cases error1440/320/history retained even offline, true0/TTL/no refetch, numeric legacy unknown прошли. Screenshot-only scoped repeats2×2 для видимого warning/history внутри main scroller не считаются новыми сценариями; финальные изображения просмотрены. Existing8 user GRE/VXLAN dirty screenshots не тронуты. Full UI1260/backend24 не повторялись без необходимости.
+
+Owned PG18.6/Node22: test:traffic-rate15709ms,9 counter/source +14 history controls (legacy/first/current/error/old-alarm barrier/users/interfaces/manual failure/success/stale/pending/config/disabled). Real MikrotikClient к loopback HTTP simulator, real SQL + Fastify GET/POST; не physical CHR fault. Common test:alert-engine20075ms:26 source/history SQL/GRE8/actual stability. Второй runner имел старую command label в report; corrected по actual command/harness и asserts before public recording, профиль не подменён повторным traffic run. Own DBs mm_accept_166_1791809970201 иmm_accept_166_1791810266923/ограниченные roles/test containers удалены; отсутствие проверено каталогами/docker. Production secrets не копировались. [SQL](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json).
+
+[Source448 backend+521 frontend](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json)/[1032 compiled](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json) совпали SHA256. Обе production builds прошли (frontend185s Next phase); frontend ux-history178 staged with old backend ux-rtt177 [interop](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json), затем backend ux-history178/version1.0.0-test.history178. [Runtime](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json) healthy/running/verified imageIds; в.env менялись только tags, rollback ux-rtt177/ux-ping173 без копии секретного env. Migration0011 подтверждена main PG. Новый frontend следует перезагрузить: прежняя вкладка не получает новый truth reader автоматически. Additive storage не гарантирует truthful interpretation старым UI.
+
+[Native read-only](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json): оба CHR194.226.121.150/104.165.244.7, GET identity/interface200, по2 interfaces, counters valid;4 native GET, no routerConfigWrites/password changes/messages. Это не loss/speed/WAN proof. [Live smoke1440/320+3 APIs](ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json) подтверждает actual provenance/UI/overflow/pageerrors0; error/legacy branches — отдельно fixtures/ownSQL. Main DB read-only только для native checker; schema migration и штатный scheduler writes были частью deploy.
+
+Следующий179 — inspect/fix live monitor-traffic empty/partial/malformed rates (текущий parseMonitorTraffic заменяет их нулями), per-interface fallback и disabled-after-stream-start polling. Не объявлять этот путь принятым по history guards. Peer collection completeness, long sparse intervals, interface recreation/identity, snapshot after restore, scale/multiple instances и external integrations остаются условиями12.5. Локальный коммит без push.
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0f2b14ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-compiled-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,1042 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "backendVersion": "1.0.0-test.history178",
+  "normalization": "CRLF to LF",
+  "matched": [
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-collection-state.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-collection-state.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-collection-state.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-collection-state.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-freshness.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-freshness.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-freshness.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-freshness.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/config.js",
+    "backend/dist/config.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/config.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/config.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/constants/ping-probe.js",
+    "backend/dist/constants/ping-probe.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/constants/ping-probe.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/constants/ping-probe.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/bootstrap.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/bootstrap.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/bootstrap.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/bootstrap.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/index.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/index.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/index.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/index.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/json.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/json.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/json.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/json.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/migrate.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/migrate.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/migrate.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/migrate.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/operation-lock.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/operation-lock.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/operation-lock.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/operation-lock.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/partitions.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/partitions.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/partitions.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/partitions.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/schema.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/schema.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/schema.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/schema.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/sql-bind.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/sql-bind.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/sql-bind.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/sql-bind.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/sqlite-import.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/sqlite-import.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/sqlite-import.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/sqlite-import.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/traffic-flags.js",
+    "backend/dist/db/traffic-flags.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/db/traffic-flags.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/db/traffic-flags.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/index.js",
+    "backend/dist/index.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/index.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/index.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/lib/permissions.js",
+    "backend/dist/lib/permissions.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/lib/permissions.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/lib/permissions.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/managed-markers.js",
+    "backend/dist/managed-markers.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/managed-markers.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/managed-markers.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/repository/events-repository.js",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/repository/events-repository.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/repository/events-repository.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/repository/events-repository.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/service/events-service.js",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/service/events-service.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/service/events-service.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/modules/events/service/events-service.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/mapper/servers-mapper.js",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/mapper/servers-mapper.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/mapper/servers-mapper.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/mapper/servers-mapper.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/repository/servers-repository.js",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/repository/servers-repository.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/repository/servers-repository.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/modules/servers/repository/servers-repository.d.ts.map",
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+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-key-execution.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-key-execution.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-exporter.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-exporter.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-exporter.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-exporter.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-hops.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-hops.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-hops.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-map-hops.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-overlay.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-overlay.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-overlay.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-overlay.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-parse.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-parse.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-parse.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-parse.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-planes.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-planes.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-planes.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-planes.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-purge-execution.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-purge-execution.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-purge-execution.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-purge-execution.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-ripe.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-ripe.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-ripe.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-ripe.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-settings.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-settings.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-settings.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-settings.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-topology.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-topology.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-topology.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-topology.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-worker-shutdown.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-worker-shutdown.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-worker-shutdown.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-flow-worker-shutdown.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-observation.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-observation.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-observation.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-observation.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-rate.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-rate.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-rate.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-rate.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-users.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-users.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-users.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/traffic-users.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-collector.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-collector.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-collector.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-collector.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-probe-observations.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-probe-observations.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-probe-observations.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-probe-observations.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-speed-service.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-speed-service.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-speed-service.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/uptime-speed-service.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/vxlan-live.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/vxlan-live.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/vxlan-live.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/vxlan-live.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wg-keys.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wg-keys.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wg-keys.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wg-keys.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-config.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-config.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-config.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-config.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-delete.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-delete.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-delete.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-delete.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-apply.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-apply.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-apply.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-apply.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-revision.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-revision.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-revision.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import-revision.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-import.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-live.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-live.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-live.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-live.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-observed-values.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-observed-values.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-observed-values.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-observed-values.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-ros.js",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-ros.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-ros.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/services/wireguard-ros.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/test/pg.js",
+    "backend/dist/test/pg.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/test/pg.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/test/pg.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/types/scheduler-run-snapshot.js",
+    "backend/dist/types/scheduler-run-snapshot.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/types/scheduler-run-snapshot.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/types/scheduler-run-snapshot.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/types/server.js",
+    "backend/dist/types/server.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/types/server.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/types/server.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/abort-signals.js",
+    "backend/dist/utils/abort-signals.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/abort-signals.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/utils/abort-signals.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/ros-src-address.js",
+    "backend/dist/utils/ros-src-address.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/ros-src-address.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/utils/ros-src-address.d.ts.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/server-id.js",
+    "backend/dist/utils/server-id.js.map",
+    "backend/dist/utils/server-id.d.ts",
+    "backend/dist/utils/server-id.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/alerts.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/alerts.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/alerts.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/alerts.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/backups.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/backups.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/backups.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/backups.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/certificates.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/certificates.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/certificates.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/certificates.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/containers.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/containers.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/containers.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/containers.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/events.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/events.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/events.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/events.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/evobgp.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/evobgp.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/evobgp.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/evobgp.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/geoip.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/geoip.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/geoip.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/geoip.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/index.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/index.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/index.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/index.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ipsec.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ipsec.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ipsec.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ipsec.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ospf-optimizer.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ospf-optimizer.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ospf-optimizer.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/ospf-optimizer.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/servers.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/servers.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/servers.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/servers.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/statistics.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/statistics.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/statistics.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/statistics.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/traffic-flow.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/traffic-flow.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/traffic-flow.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/traffic-flow.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-probes.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-probes.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-probes.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-probes.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-speed.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-speed.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-speed.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/uptime-speed.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/users.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/users.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/users.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/users.d.ts.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/wireguard.js",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/wireguard.js.map",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/wireguard.d.ts",
+    "packages/contracts/dist/wireguard.d.ts.map"
+  ],
+  "missing": [],
+  "different": []
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a679c081
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-deployed-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "runtime": {
+    "backend": "ux-history178",
+    "frontend": "ux-history178"
+  },
+  "apis": [
+    {
+      "path": "/api/traffic/servers",
+      "status": 200
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/api/traffic/users",
+      "status": 200
+    },
+    {
+      "path": "/api/traffic/bound-interfaces",
+      "status": 200
+    }
+  ],
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "width": 1440,
+      "trafficServers200": true,
+      "attemptProvenanceVisible": true,
+      "pageErrors": 0,
+      "noOverflow": true
+    },
+    {
+      "width": 320,
+      "trafficServers200": true,
+      "attemptProvenanceVisible": true,
+      "pageErrors": 0,
+      "noOverflow": true
+    }
+  ],
+  "bounds": [
+    "Read-only smoke; error/stale/legacy branches proven by owned SQL and UI fixtures",
+    "No manual production scheduler/config/password/message writes"
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f49322c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-interop-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "newFrontend": "ux-history178",
+  "oldBackend": "ux-rtt177",
+  "readerAccepted": true,
+  "serverCount": 2,
+  "pageErrors": 0,
+  "bound": "Additive observed DTO reader compatibility; legacy numeric-only paths verified separately as unknown"
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ae4519a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-native-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "version": "1.0.0-test.history178",
+  "readOnlyDatabase": true,
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "sourceId": 1,
+      "target": "194.226.121.150",
+      "identityRead": true,
+      "interfaceRead": true,
+      "interfaceCount": 2,
+      "countersValid": true
+    },
+    {
+      "sourceId": 2,
+      "target": "104.165.244.7",
+      "identityRead": true,
+      "interfaceRead": true,
+      "interfaceCount": 2,
+      "countersValid": true
+    }
+  ],
+  "dbWrites": 0,
+  "routerConfigWrites": 0,
+  "messages": 0,
+  "migrationApplied": true,
+  "passed": true
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2f91f3e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-runtime-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "secretEnvCopied": false,
+  "rollbackTags": {
+    "MMAPP_IMAGE_TAG": "ux-ping173",
+    "BACKEND_IMAGE_TAG": "ux-rtt177"
+  },
+  "services": {
+    "backend": {
+      "image": "mmapp-test/backend:ux-history178",
+      "imageId": "sha256:da0ff45a8f7e5b2fcfb98b6c17161c7dcb9776e9dadbd0770f35e95cbad89aaf",
+      "state": "running",
+      "health": "healthy",
+      "matchedVerifiedImage": true
+    },
+    "frontend": {
+      "image": "mmapp-test/frontend:ux-history178",
+      "imageId": "sha256:320a81a42a84af52fe200c9464d01105811d0d4a952654690471f14824cd1739",
+      "state": "running",
+      "health": null,
+      "matchedVerifiedImage": true
+    }
+  }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9e5e2bde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-source-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "matched": {
+    "backend": 448,
+    "frontend": 521
+  },
+  "different": [],
+  "missing": []
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c2256901
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/ux-ui/acceptance/traffic-history-sql-2026-10-12.json
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+{
+  "date": "2026-10-12",
+  "block": "12.5.178",
+  "passed": true,
+  "profiles": [
+    {
+      "date": "2026-10-12",
+      "block": "12.5.178",
+      "database": "mm_accept_166_1791809970201",
+      "scope": "ephemeral role and precreated owned database; no copied production credentials",
+      "tests": [
+        {
+          "command": "npm --prefix backend run test:traffic-rate",
+          "passed": true,
+          "durationMs": 15709,
+          "ownedTrafficSqlCases": 9,
+          "ownedHistorySqlCases": 14,
+          "postgresUnavailableSkip": false
+        }
+      ],
+      "scopedRoleVerified": true,
+      "passed": true,
+      "databaseRemoved": true,
+      "roleRemoved": true,
+      "testContainerRemoved": true
+    },
+    {
+      "date": "2026-10-12",
+      "block": "12.5.178",
+      "database": "mm_accept_166_1791810266923",
+      "scope": "ephemeral role and precreated owned database; no copied production credentials",
+      "tests": [
+        {
+          "command": "npm --prefix backend run test:alert-engine",
+          "passed": true,
+          "durationMs": 20075,
+          "ownedSourceSqlCases": 26,
+          "ownedGreSqlRows": 8,
+          "postgresUnavailableSkip": false
+        }
+      ],
+      "scopedRoleVerified": true,
+      "passed": true,
+      "databaseRemoved": true,
+      "roleRemoved": true,
+      "testContainerRemoved": true
+    }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png b/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..df86619c
Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-1440-2026-10-12.png differ
diff --git a/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png b/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0c4e28e7
Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-320-2026-10-12.png differ
diff --git a/lib/fmt-rate.ts b/lib/fmt-rate.ts
index a0b41e76..db121dd6 100644
--- a/lib/fmt-rate.ts
+++ b/lib/fmt-rate.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /** Формат скорости: Кбит/с при < 1 Мбит/с, иначе Мбит/с / Гбит/с. */
-export function fmtRate(v: number): string {
+export function fmtRate(v: number | null | undefined): string {
+  if (v == null) return "—"
   if (!Number.isFinite(v) || v <= 0) return "0 Кбит/с"
   if (v >= 1000) return `${(v / 1000).toFixed(2)} Гбит/с`
   if (v < 1) return `${Math.round(v * 1000)} Кбит/с`
@@ -8,7 +9,8 @@ export function fmtRate(v: number): string {
   return `${Math.round(v)} Мбит/с`
 }
 
-export function fmtGB(v: number): string {
+export function fmtGB(v: number | null | undefined): string {
+  if (v == null) return "—"
   if (v >= 1000) return `${(v / 1000).toFixed(2)} ТБ`
   return `${v.toFixed(1)} ГБ`
 }
diff --git a/lib/traffic-observations.test.ts b/lib/traffic-observations.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..49d02fee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/traffic-observations.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict"
+import { projectTrafficObservations } from "./traffic-observations.js"
+const at=Date.parse("2026-10-12T12:00:00Z"),sampledAt=new Date(at).toISOString(),expiresAt=new Date(at+90_000).toISOString()
+const row={rxNow:0,txNow:0,rxPeak:0,txPeak:0,rxTotal:0,txTotal:0,rxSeries:[0,0],txSeries:[0,0]}
+const obs={rxNow:true,txNow:true,rxSeries:[false,true],txSeries:[false,true],sampledAt,currentState:"current",expiresAt}
+assert.equal(projectTrafficObservations(row,at).rxNow,null)
+const known=projectTrafficObservations({...row,observations:obs},at);assert.equal(known.rxNow,0);assert.deepEqual(known.rxSeries,[null,0])
+const stale=projectTrafficObservations({...row,observations:obs},at+90_001);assert.equal(stale.rxNow,null);assert.equal(stale.observations?.currentState,"stale");assert.deepEqual(stale.rxSeries,[null,0])
+assert.equal(projectTrafficObservations({...row,observations:{...obs,currentState:"error"}},at).rxNow,null)
+for(const change of [{rxNow:-1},{observations:{...obs,sampledAt:"bad"}},{observations:{...obs,sampledAt:null}},{observations:{...obs,rxSeries:[]}}])assert.throws(()=>projectTrafficObservations({...row,...change},at))
+console.log("traffic observations nullable/zero/gaps/expiry guards tests ok")
diff --git a/lib/traffic-observations.ts b/lib/traffic-observations.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..84153a6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/traffic-observations.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+import { z } from "zod"
+const timestamp = z.string().refine(v => Number.isFinite(Date.parse(v))).nullable()
+const rate = z.number().finite().nonnegative().nullable()
+const meta = z.object({ rxNow: z.boolean(), txNow: z.boolean(), rxSeries: z.array(z.boolean()), txSeries: z.array(z.boolean()),
+  sampledAt: timestamp, expiresAt: timestamp.optional(), lastAttemptAt: timestamp.optional(), lastSucceededAt: timestamp.optional(), error: z.string().nullable().optional(),
+  currentState: z.enum(["current", "unknown", "pending", "error", "stale", "disabled"]).optional() })
+export type TrafficObservationMeta = z.infer<typeof meta>
+const metrics = z.object({ rxNow: rate, txNow: rate, rxPeak: rate, txPeak: rate, rxTotal: rate, txTotal: rate,
+  rxSeries: z.array(rate), txSeries: z.array(rate), observations: meta.optional() }).refine(r =>
+    (!r.observations || r.observations.rxSeries.length === r.rxSeries.length && r.observations.txSeries.length === r.txSeries.length &&
+      (!(r.observations.rxNow || r.observations.txNow || r.observations.rxSeries.some(Boolean) || r.observations.txSeries.some(Boolean)) || r.observations.sampledAt !== null)))
+/** Receipt of numeric legacy DTO values cannot establish an observed measurement. */
+export function projectTrafficObservations(raw: unknown, now = Date.now()) {
+  const parsed = metrics.safeParse(raw)
+  if (!parsed.success) throw new Error("Некорректные измерения трафика")
+  const r = parsed.data, o = r.observations && { ...r.observations }
+  if (o && o.expiresAt && Date.parse(o.expiresAt) < now && o.currentState === "current") o.currentState = "stale"
+  const current = !o?.currentState || o.currentState === "current"
+  const rxSeries = r.rxSeries.map((v, i) => o?.rxSeries[i] ? v : null)
+  const txSeries = r.txSeries.map((v, i) => o?.txSeries[i] ? v : null)
+  return { observations: o, rxNow: current && o?.rxNow ? r.rxNow : null, txNow: current && o?.txNow ? r.txNow : null,
+    rxSeries, txSeries, rxPeak: rxSeries.some(v => v !== null) ? r.rxPeak : null,
+    txPeak: txSeries.some(v => v !== null) ? r.txPeak : null,
+    rxTotal: rxSeries.some(v => v !== null) ? r.rxTotal : null, txTotal: txSeries.some(v => v !== null) ? r.txTotal : null }
+}
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-catalog.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-catalog.spec.ts
index 6155cae3..ea18753f 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-catalog.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-catalog.spec.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
 
 for (const outcome of ['success', 'error'] as const) {
@@ -6,23 +7,23 @@ for (const outcome of ['success', 'error'] as const) {
     const gate = new Promise<void>(resolve => { release = resolve })
     const individual: string[] = []
     const server = { id: '1', name: 'Подтверждённый сервер', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', status: 'online', rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, rxPeak: 5, txPeak: 6, rxTotal: 100, txTotal: 200, sessions: 1, rxSeries: [1, 2], txSeries: [2, 3] }
-    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
     await page.route('**/api/**', async route => {
       const path = new URL(route.request().url()).pathname
       if (/^\/api\/traffic\/servers\/[^/]+/.test(path)) individual.push(path)
       if (path === '/api/traffic/servers') {
         await gate
-        if (outcome === 'error') return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: { error: 'Каталог временно недоступен' } })
-        return route.fulfill({ json: { servers: [server] } })
+        if (outcome === 'error') return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ error: 'Каталог временно недоступен' }) })
+        return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ servers: [server] }) })
       }
-      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: {} })
+      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({}) })
       const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
         : path === '/api/traffic/servers/1' ? { server }
         : path === '/api/traffic/servers/1/interfaces' ? { interfaces: [] }
         : path === '/api/traffic/users' ? { users: [] }
         : path === '/api/traffic/bound-interfaces' ? { interfaces: [] }
         : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-      return route.fulfill({ json })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
     })
     const catalog = page.waitForRequest(r => new URL(r.url()).pathname === '/api/traffic/servers')
     await page.goto('/traffic')
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-details.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-details.spec.ts
index 092f756b..e6c7b493 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-details.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-details.spec.ts
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect, type Page } from '@playwright/test'
 
 async function setup(page: Page) {
   const control = { holdRange: '', failIface: false, series: undefined as Array<number | null> | undefined, txSeries: undefined as number[] | undefined, release: () => {} }
   const gate = new Promise<void>(resolve => { control.release = resolve })
   const server = { id: '1', name: 'Первый сервер', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', status: 'online', rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, rxPeak: 5, txPeak: 6, rxTotal: 100, txTotal: 200, sessions: 1, rxSeries: [1, 2], txSeries: [2, 3] }
-  await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+  await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
   await page.route('**/api/**', async route => {
     const url = new URL(route.request().url()), path = url.pathname
-    if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: {} })
+    if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({}) })
     if (path === '/api/traffic/servers/1') {
       const range = url.searchParams.get('range'), iface = url.searchParams.get('iface')
       if (control.holdRange && range === control.holdRange) await gate
-      if (control.failIface && iface === 'ether2') return route.fulfill({ status: 500, json: { error: 'Интерфейс временно недоступен' } })
-      return route.fulfill({ json: { server: { ...server, rxSeries: control.series ?? server.rxSeries, txSeries: control.txSeries ?? control.series ?? server.txSeries, name: `Детали ${range} ${iface}`, rxNow: range === '24h' ? 24 : 15 } } })
+      if (control.failIface && iface === 'ether2') return route.fulfill({ status: 500, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ error: 'Интерфейс временно недоступен' }) })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ server: { ...server, rxSeries: control.series ?? server.rxSeries, txSeries: control.txSeries ?? control.series ?? server.txSeries, name: `Детали ${range} ${iface}`, rxNow: range === '24h' ? 24 : 15 } }) })
     }
     const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
       : path === '/api/traffic/servers' ? { servers: [{ ...server, rxSeries: control.series ?? server.rxSeries, txSeries: control.txSeries ?? control.series ?? server.txSeries }] }
@@ -20,7 +21,7 @@ async function setup(page: Page) {
       : path.endsWith('/interfaces') || path === '/api/traffic/bound-interfaces' ? { interfaces: [] }
       : path === '/api/traffic/users' ? { users: [] }
       : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-    await route.fulfill({ json })
+    await route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
   })
   await page.goto('/traffic')
   await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Детали 1h __all__', exact: true })).toBeVisible()
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ test('Карточка трафика: пустая история, одна т
   await page.getByRole('button', { name: '15м', exact: true }).click()
   await expect(card.locator('circle')).toHaveCount(1)
   await expect(card.locator('circle')).toHaveAttribute('cx', '150')
-  control.series = [2, 3, -1, 4, 5]
+  control.series = [2, 3, null, 4, 5]
   control.txSeries = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
   await page.getByRole('button', { name: '4ч', exact: true }).click()
   await expect(card.locator('[data-direction="rx"] polyline')).toHaveCount(2)
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-history-confidence.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-history-confidence.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8c969b35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-history-confidence.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { test, expect, type Page } from "@playwright/test"
+const at = new Date("2026-10-12T12:00:00Z")
+async function setup(page: Page, state: "error" | "current" | "legacy", status = "online") {
+  let calls = 0
+  const observations = { rxNow: state === "current", txNow: state === "current", rxSeries: [false, true], txSeries: [false, true],
+    sampledAt: at.toISOString(), lastAttemptAt: at.toISOString(), lastSucceededAt: at.toISOString(),
+    expiresAt: new Date(at.getTime()+90_000).toISOString(), currentState: state === "legacy" ? "unknown" : state,
+    error: state === "error" ? "CHR: HTTP 401 — опрос не выполнен" : null }
+  const server = { id: "1", name: "История CHR", site: "TEST", country: "RU", status,
+    rxNow: state === "current" ? 0 : 17, txNow: 0, rxPeak: 5, txPeak: 6, rxTotal: 1, txTotal: 2, sessions: 1,
+    rxSeries: [0,5], txSeries: [0,6], ...(state !== "legacy" ? {observations} : {}) }
+  await page.clock.install({time:at})
+  await page.route("**/health", r=>r.fulfill({json:{ok:true}}))
+  await page.route("**/api/**", r=> {
+    const path = new URL(r.request().url()).pathname
+    if(path.endsWith("/live")) return r.fulfill({status:503,json:{error:"Live недоступен"}})
+    if(path==="/api/traffic/servers")calls++
+    return r.fulfill({json:path==="/api/auth/config"?{required:false}:path==="/api/traffic/servers"?{servers:[server]}:
+      path==="/api/traffic/servers/1"?{server}:path.endsWith("/interfaces")||path==="/api/traffic/bound-interfaces"?{interfaces:[]}:
+      path==="/api/traffic/users"?{users:[]}:path==="/api/servers"?[]:{}})
+  })
+  await page.goto("/traffic")
+  await expect(page.getByRole("heading",{name:"История CHR",exact:true})).toBeVisible()
+  return ()=>calls
+}
+for(const width of [1440,320]) test(`Ошибка опроса: история сохранена, текущая скорость неизвестна ${width}`,async({page})=>{
+  await page.setViewportSize({width,height:1000});await setup(page,"error","offline")
+  await expect(page.getByRole("status").filter({hasText:"Ошибка опроса трафика"})).toContainText("HTTP 401")
+  await expect(page.getByRole("region",{name:"История RX/TX"})).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Скорость выбранного сервера")).not.toContainText("17.0")
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Скорость выбранного сервера").getByText("—",{exact:true})).toHaveCount(2)
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Попытка опроса трафика")).toBeVisible()
+  expect(await page.evaluate(()=>document.documentElement.scrollWidth<=innerWidth+1)).toBe(true)
+  await page.getByRole("status").filter({hasText:"Ошибка опроса трафика"}).scrollIntoViewIfNeeded()
+  await page.getByRole("status").filter({hasText:"Ошибка опроса трафика"}).evaluate(el => {
+    let parent = el.parentElement
+    while (parent && (!/auto|scroll/.test(getComputedStyle(parent).overflowY) || parent.scrollHeight <= parent.clientHeight)) parent = parent.parentElement
+    if (parent) parent.scrollTop += el.getBoundingClientRect().top - parent.getBoundingClientRect().top - 24
+  })
+  await page.screenshot({path:`docs/ux-ui/screens/traffic-history-error-${width}-2026-10-12.png`,fullPage:true})
+})
+test("Измеренный ноль сохраняется; по TTL скорость становится неизвестной без подмены истории",async({page})=>{
+  const calls=await setup(page,"current")
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Скорость выбранного сервера").getByText("0 Кбит/с",{exact:true})).toHaveCount(2)
+  const before=calls();await page.clock.fastForward(100_001)
+  await expect(page.getByRole("status").filter({hasText:"Измерения трафика устарели"})).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Скорость выбранного сервера").getByText("—",{exact:true})).toHaveCount(2)
+  await expect(page.getByRole("region",{name:"История RX/TX"})).toBeVisible();expect(calls()).toBe(before)
+})
+test("Legacy numeric DTO без происхождения не изображает измеренную историю",async({page})=>{
+  await setup(page,"legacy")
+  await expect(page.getByText("Нет исторических измерений за выбранный период",{exact:true})).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(page.getByRole("status").filter({hasText:"Скорость пока не измерена"})).toBeVisible()
+  await expect(page.getByLabel("Скорость выбранного сервера")).not.toContainText("17.0")
+})
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-ipv6-labels.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-ipv6-labels.spec.ts
index 63cd438c..9454d95c 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-ipv6-labels.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-ipv6-labels.spec.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
 
 for (const width of [1440, 320]) {
@@ -10,10 +11,10 @@ for (const width of [1440, 320]) {
       { src: '10.0.0.1', dst: '8.8.8.8', srcPort: 50002, dstPort: 443, internetPeer: '8.8.8.8', internetPeerPort: 443, proto: 6, protoName: 'TCP', application: 'HTTPS' },
     ].map(row => ({ ...row, serverId: '1', serverName: 'IPv6 exporter', clientIp: row.src, inIface: 'ether1', bps: 1000, bytes: 1000, packets: 10 }))
     const stats = { bpsNow: 0, bytes: 4000, packets: 40, conversations: 4, uniqueSrc: 4, uniqueDst: 4, topCategory: 'Прочее', topProto: 'ICMPv6', rxSeries: [], txSeries: [], interfaces: [], ifaces: [], live: false, timeline: [], applications: [], categories: [], services: [], countries: [], asns: [], protocols: [], sources: [], destinations: [], conversationsList: rows, dedupApplied: false }
-    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
     await page.route('**/api/**', route => {
       const path = new URL(route.request().url()).pathname
-      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: {} })
+      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({}) })
       const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
         : path === '/api/traffic/flow/analytics' ? stats
         : path === '/api/traffic/flow/exporters' ? { exporters: [{ id: '1', name: 'IPv6 exporter', subtitle: '', site: 'TEST', country: '', status: 'online', rxNow: 0, txNow: 0, sessions: 4, bytes: 4000, rxSeries: [], txSeries: [] }] }
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ for (const width of [1440, 320]) {
         : path === '/api/traffic/flow/clients' ? { clients: [] }
         : path.endsWith('/interfaces') ? { interfaces: [] }
         : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-      return route.fulfill({ json })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
     })
     await page.goto('/traffic')
     await page.getByRole('group', { name: 'Разделы трафика' }).getByRole('button', { name: 'Потоки', exact: true }).click()
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-list.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-list.spec.ts
index da68a784..f48534e7 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-list.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-list.spec.ts
@@ -1,22 +1,23 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect, type Page } from '@playwright/test'
 
 async function setup(page: Page) {
   const control = { holdRange: '', failList: false, release: () => {} }
   const gate = new Promise<void>(resolve => { control.release = resolve })
   const server = { id: '1', name: 'Первый сервер', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', status: 'online', rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, rxPeak: 5, txPeak: 6, rxTotal: 100, txTotal: 200, sessions: 1, rxSeries: [1, 2], txSeries: [2, 3] }
-  await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+  await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
   await page.route('**/api/**', async route => {
     const url = new URL(route.request().url()), path = url.pathname
-    if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: {} })
+    if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({}) })
     if (path === '/api/traffic/servers/1') {
       const range = url.searchParams.get('range'), iface = url.searchParams.get('iface')
-      return route.fulfill({ json: { server: { ...server, name: `Детали ${range} ${iface}`, rxNow: range === '24h' ? 24 : 15 } } })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ server: { ...server, name: `Детали ${range} ${iface}`, rxNow: range === '24h' ? 24 : 15 } }) })
     }
     if (path === '/api/traffic/servers') {
       const range = url.searchParams.get('range')
       if (control.holdRange === range) await gate
-      if (control.failList) return route.fulfill({ status: 500, json: { error: 'Сводка временно недоступна' } })
-      return route.fulfill({ json: { servers: [{ ...server, name: 'Список ' + range }] } })
+      if (control.failList) return route.fulfill({ status: 500, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ error: 'Сводка временно недоступна' }) })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ servers: [{ ...server, name: 'Список ' + range }] }) })
     }
     const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
       : path === '/api/traffic/servers' ? { servers: [server] }
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ async function setup(page: Page) {
       : path.endsWith('/interfaces') || path === '/api/traffic/bound-interfaces' ? { interfaces: [] }
       : path === '/api/traffic/users' ? { users: [] }
       : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-    await route.fulfill({ json })
+    await route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
   })
   await page.goto('/traffic')
   await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Детали 1h __all__', exact: true })).toBeVisible()
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-live.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-live.spec.ts
index 7ebdc4a7..aca0f755 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-live.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-live.spec.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { installOpenLiveStream, resumeLiveStream, sendLiveHeartbeat } from "./live-stream-fixture"
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
 
 for (const variant of ['closed', 'invalid', 'http-error', 'silent', 'awaiting'] as const) {
   test(`Трафик: SSE ${variant} не выдаёт старое измерение за live`, async ({ page }) => {
     const server = { id: '1', name: 'Тестовый сервер', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', status: 'online', rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, rxPeak: 5, txPeak: 6, rxTotal: 100, txTotal: 200, sessions: 1, rxSeries: [1, 2], txSeries: [2, 3] }
-    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
     await page.route('**/api/**', route => {
       const url = new URL(route.request().url())
       const path = url.pathname
       if (path.endsWith('/live')) {
-        if (variant === 'http-error' || url.searchParams.get('iface') === 'ether2') return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: { error: 'Поток недоступен' } })
+        if (variant === 'http-error' || url.searchParams.get('iface') === 'ether2') return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ error: 'Поток недоступен' }) })
         const sample = { rxMbps: 17, txMbps: 19, at: '2026-09-23T12:00:00Z' }
         const body = 'event: sample\ndata: ' + JSON.stringify(sample) + '\n\n' + (variant === 'invalid' ? 'event: sample\ndata: {"rxMbps":null,"txMbps":-1}\n\n' : '')
         return route.fulfill({ contentType: 'text/event-stream', body })
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ for (const variant of ['closed', 'invalid', 'http-error', 'silent', 'awaiting']
         : path.endsWith('/interfaces') || path === '/api/traffic/bound-interfaces' ? { interfaces: [] }
         : path === '/api/traffic/users' ? { users: [] }
         : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-      return route.fulfill({ json })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
     })
     if (variant === 'silent' || variant === 'awaiting') await installOpenLiveStream(page, '/api/traffic/servers/1/live', { rxMbps: 17, txMbps: 19, at: '2026-09-23T12:00:00Z' }, variant !== 'awaiting')
     const received = new Date('2026-09-28T06:00:00Z')
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-mobile.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-mobile.spec.ts
index 0fae27e6..01a2b83a 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-mobile.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-mobile.spec.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect, type Page } from '@playwright/test'
 
 const longName = 'customer-with-a-very-long-unbroken-identifier-12345678901234567890'
@@ -5,7 +6,7 @@ async function setup(page: Page, empty = false) {
   const metrics = { rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, rxPeak: 4, txPeak: 5, rxTotal: 100, txTotal: 200, rxSeries: [1, 2], txSeries: [2, 3] }
   const iface = { ...metrics, id: 'i1', bindingId: 'b1', userId: 'u1', userLogin: longName, userName: longName, interfaceName: longName, interfaceType: 'gre', comment: longName, serverId: '1', serverName: longName, serverSite: 'TEST', serverCountry: 'RU', status: 'online' }
   const user = { ...metrics, id: 'u1', login: longName, displayName: longName, role: 'viewer', interfaces: [iface] }
-  await page.route('**/health', r => r.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+  await page.route('**/health', r => r.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
   await page.route('**/api/**', route => {
     const path = new URL(route.request().url()).pathname
     const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ async function setup(page: Page, empty = false) {
       : path === '/api/traffic/bound-interfaces' ? { interfaces: empty ? [] : [iface] }
       : path.endsWith('/interfaces') ? { interfaces: [] }
       : path === '/api/servers' ? [] : {}
-    return route.fulfill({ json })
+    return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
   })
   await page.goto('/traffic')
 }
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-observation-fixture.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-observation-fixture.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24186a73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-observation-fixture.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+/** Positive fixtures explicitly declare measured rates; legacy absence is tested separately. */
+export function observedTrafficFixturePayload(value: unknown): unknown {
+  if (Array.isArray(value)) return value.map(observedTrafficFixturePayload)
+  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") return value
+  const r = Object.fromEntries(Object.entries(value).map(([key, v]) => [key, observedTrafficFixturePayload(v)]))
+  if ("rxNow" in r && "txNow" in r && "rxTotal" in r && "txTotal" in r && Array.isArray(r.rxSeries) && Array.isArray(r.txSeries) && !("observations" in r)) {
+    r.observations = { rxNow: true, txNow: true, sampledAt: "2026-10-12T12:00:00Z",
+      rxSeries: r.rxSeries.map(v => typeof v === "number" && Number.isFinite(v) && v >= 0),
+      txSeries: r.txSeries.map(v => typeof v === "number" && Number.isFinite(v) && v >= 0) }
+  }
+  return r
+}
diff --git a/tests/e2e/traffic-response-validation.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/traffic-response-validation.spec.ts
index 484422f5..1ab76349 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/traffic-response-validation.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/traffic-response-validation.spec.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import { observedTrafficFixturePayload } from "./traffic-observation-fixture"
 import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test'
 
 for (const variant of ['missing-sessions', 'negative-series', 'monthly-missing', 'monthly-mismatch'] as const) {
@@ -9,7 +10,7 @@ for (const variant of ['missing-sessions', 'negative-series', 'monthly-missing',
     const stats = { bpsNow: 1000000, bytes: 200, packets: 2, conversations: 1, uniqueSrc: 1, uniqueDst: 1, topProto: 'TCP', topCategory: 'Восстановлено', rxSeries: [1], txSeries: [2], applications: [], protocols: [], sources: [], destinations: [], interfaces: [], conversationsList: [], ifaces: [], live: false }
     const card = { id: '1', name: 'Экспортёр DTO', subtitle: '', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', status: 'online', rxNow: 2, txNow: 3, sessions: 1, bytes: 200, rxSeries: [1], txSeries: [2] }
     page.on('pageerror', error => errors.push(error.message))
-    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: { ok: true } }))
+    await page.route('**/health', route => route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({ ok: true }) }))
     await page.route('**/api/**', route => {
       const url = new URL(route.request().url()), path = url.pathname
       if (path === '/api/traffic/flow/analytics' || path === '/api/traffic/flow/monthly') {
@@ -18,13 +19,13 @@ for (const variant of ['missing-sessions', 'negative-series', 'monthly-missing',
           const month = url.searchParams.get('month')!
           const data = bad && variant === 'monthly-missing' ? { month, bytes: 1500 }
             : { month: bad && variant === 'monthly-mismatch' ? (month === '2026-01' ? '2026-02' : '2026-01') : month, bytes: 1500, countries: [], services: [], asns: [] }
-          return route.fulfill({ json: data })
+          return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(data) })
         }
         const data = bad && variant === 'missing-sessions' ? { ...stats, conversationsList: undefined }
           : bad && variant === 'negative-series' ? { ...stats, rxSeries: [-1] } : stats
-        return route.fulfill({ json: data })
+        return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(data) })
       }
-      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: {} })
+      if (path.endsWith('/live')) return route.fulfill({ status: 503, json: observedTrafficFixturePayload({}) })
       const json = path === '/api/auth/config' ? { required: false }
         : path === '/api/traffic/flow/exporters' ? { exporters: [card] }
         : path === '/api/traffic/flows' ? { exportersOnline: 1, bytesPerMin: 200, uniqueSrc: 1, uniqueDst: 1, topProto: 'TCP', talkers: [], listenerBound: true }
@@ -33,7 +34,7 @@ for (const variant of ['missing-sessions', 'negative-series', 'monthly-missing',
         : path === '/api/traffic/flow/clients' ? { clients: [] }
         : path.endsWith('/interfaces') ? { interfaces: [] }
         : path === '/api/servers' ? [{ id: 1, name: card.name, host: '127.0.0.1', port: 80, useSsl: false, verifySsl: false, username: 'admin', password: '', type: 'jump-host', site: 'TEST', country: 'RU', asn: '', comment: '', enabled: true, lanSubnet: '', wanUplinks: [], createdAt: '', updatedAt: '', status: null, latency: null, os: null, model: null, uptime: null, cpuLoad: null, freeMemory: null, totalMemory: null, identityName: null, sessions: 0, polledAt: null }] : {}
-      return route.fulfill({ json })
+      return route.fulfill({ json: observedTrafficFixturePayload(json) })
     })
     await page.goto('/traffic')
     await page.getByRole('group', { name: 'Разделы трафика' }).getByRole('button', { name: 'Потоки', exact: true }).click()